[{"id":"1055","cataloger_name":["Tomasz,Neugebauer"],"partnerInstitution":["Concordia University"],"collection_source_collection":["Véhicule Art (Montréal) Inc. fonds (P027)"],"source_collection_label":["Véhicule Art (Montréal) Inc. fonds (P027)"],"collection_contributing_unit":["Concordia University Library Special Collections"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["The fonds consists of ten series, many of them subdivided into sub-series. The documents cover the period 1972 to 1982, however, the great majority of the documents were created between 1973 and 1976. This finding aid deals with the administrative, financial files of this organization as well as the artist and exhibition files, the publicity material (posters, art catalogues), and photographs. There is little documentation for the activities of the Vu00e9hicule Art Inc. gallery from 1976 to 1982. During this time the gallery experienced both administrative and financial difficulties. Frequent changes of staff and insufficient funding contributed to the weakening of the gallery and its activities. The original order of the documents quite faithfully reflected the internal organization of the gallery. Thus, the documents dating from 1972 to 1975, were relatively well organized and required no further arrangement; on the other hand, those covering the 1976-1982 period needed complete reorganization. The fonds is organized into the following series: P027/01 Organization P027/02 Personnel P027/03 Finances P027/04 Programming P027/05 Artists, exhibitions and performances P027/06 Associations P027/07 Correspondence P027/08 Photographs P027/09 Sound recordings P027/10 Posters"],"collection_source_collection_id":["P027"],"persistent_url":["https://concordia.accesstomemory.org/vehicule-art-montreal-inc-fonds"],"item_title":["During the first moment of your death remember"],"item_title_source":["Title taken from item"],"item_title_note":["In Les Levine's \"Media: the bio-tech rehearsal for leaving the body\" the poem title is listed as:\"During the first moment of your death: remember\" https://www.worldcat.org/title/media-the-bio-tech-rehearsal-for-leaving-the-body/oclc/8609947"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["In Copyright (InC)"],"rights_notes":["\"Copyright belongs to the creator(s).Reproductions are allowed for the purpose of research and private study. Use of material in a publication may only be done with written consent of the copyright owner(s).\"source: https://concordia.accesstomemory.org/vehicule-art-montreal-inc-fonds"],"creator_names":["Levine, Les","Levine, Les"],"creator_names_search":["Levine, Les","Levine, Les"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://www.isni.org/isni/0000000078315070\",\"name\":\"Levine, Les\",\"dates\":\"1935- \",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Author\"]},{\"url\":\"http://www.isni.org/isni/0000000078315070\",\"name\":\"Levine, Les\",\"dates\":\"1935-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]}]"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[]}]"],"Production_Date":[1977],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/137/Les Levine images.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"Reel-to-reel tape stored in temperature and humidity controlled vault\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1977-02\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"venue\":\"Véhicule Art Inc.\",\"notes\":\"source of address: https://concordia.accesstomemory.org/vehicule-art-montreal-inc-fonds\",\"address\":\"  61, Ste. Catherine St. West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada\",\"latitude\":\"45.5095887 \",\"longitude\":\"-73.5647249\"}]"],"Address":["  61, Ste. Catherine St. West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"Venue":["Véhicule Art Inc."],"City":["Montreal, Quebec"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"\",\"type\":\"\"}]"],"Related_works":["[{\"url\":\"http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/8609947\",\"citation\":\"Levine, Les. 1979. Media: the bio-tech rehearsal for leaving the body. Calgary: Alberta College of Art Gallery.\"},{\"url\":\"http://ccca.concordia.ca/resources/searches/event_detail.html?languagePref=en&vk=7136&fbclid=IwAR2cofqiFtmHLZBQsCAko0XFLh7VlKAk1Jsvo7fw99vUCRPA913zewtaCYM\",\"citation\":\"Les Levine: During the First Moments of Your Death - Remember. Exhibition. February 25, 1977 - March 17, 1977. Véhicule Art, Montréal.\"}]"],"_version_":1853670548259733504,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:52.745Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"1295","cataloger_name":["Bindu,Reddy"],"partnerInstitution":["Concordia University"],"collection_source_collection":["SGWU Reading Series-Concordia University Department of English fonds"],"source_collection_label":["SGWU Reading Series-Concordia University Department of English fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["Records Management and Archives"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["The fonds consists of some administrative records of the SGWU Department of English and the Concordia Department of English between 1971 and 2000. It also consists of some SGWU Department of English records related to student academic activities in the 1940s and to public readings and lectures, and a few interviews, produced between 1966 and 1972. The fonds mainly includes minutes of departmental meetings and some course timetables. It also includes some student papers in bound volumes and 63 sound recordings (80 audio reels) mainly composed of poetry readings (see the Concordia SpokenWeb project which uses this material) but also a few lectures given at SGWU. There are also loose typed sheets describing some of the SGWU poetry readings."],"collection_source_collection_id":["I086"],"persistent_url":["http://archives.concordia.ca/I086"],"item_title":["Gary Snyder at Sir George Williams University, The Poetry Series, 5 November 1971\n"],"item_title_source":["Cataloguer"],"item_title_note":["\"POETRY READING GARY SNYDER #1 I006-11-106.1\" written on sticker on the spine of the tape's box. \"I006-11-106.1\" written on sticker on the reel\n\n\"POETRY READING GARY SNYDER #2 I006-11-106.2\" written on sticker on the spine of the tape's box. \"I006-11-106.2\" written on sticker on the reel\n\n\"POETRY READING GARY SNYDER #3 I006-11-106.3\" written on sticker on the spine of the tape's box. \"POETRY READING GARY SNYDER I006-11-106.3\" written on sticker on the reel\n\n\"POETRY READING GARY SNYDER #4 I006-11-106.4\" written on sticker on the spine of the tape's box. \"POETRY READING GARY SNYDER I006-11-106.4\" written on sticker on the reel\n"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_series_title":["The Poetry Series"],"item_subseries_title":["Poetry 6"],"item_identifiers":["[I006-11-106.1, I006-11-106.2, I006-11-106.3, I006-11-106.4]"],"creator_names":["Snyder, Gary"],"creator_names_search":["Snyder, Gary"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/68944804\",\"name\":\"Snyder, Gary\",\"dates\":\"1930-\",\"notes\":\"American poet and nature activist Gary Snyder was born in San Francisco on May 8, 1930. He spent most of his early life exploring the wilderness and cultures along the Pacific Coast around his parent’s dairy farm in Washington State. In 1942, his family moved to Portland, Oregon and in 1947 he enrolled in Reed College to study literature and anthropology. His senior thesis was later published in 1978 and called He Who Hunted Birds in His Father’s Village: The Dimensions of a Haida Myth (Grey Fox Press). Snyder then worked various jobs with the U.S. Forest Service and Park Service, with timber companies on Native American Reservations, and Snyder even climbed aboard a ship traveling to South America. In 1951, Snyder completed his bachelor’s degree and went to Indiana University to study linguistics, which only lasted one semester, after which, he traveled to San Francisco. Snyder met and lived with the poet Philip Whalen before entering into the University of California, Berkley in 1952 to begin graduate studies in East Asian languages. The poetry scene in San Francisco (San Francisco Renaissance) had begun to take shape and on October 7, 1955, Snyder read with Allen Ginsberg, Philip Lamantia, Michael McClure, Kenneth Rexroth and Philip Whalen at the famous “Six Poets at the Six Gallery”, a reading which launched the ‘Beat’ movement. In 1956, Snyder began formal Buddhist training in Kyoto, Japan, and traveled back and forth from the U.S. several times during the next decade, studying Buddhism and writing poetry. Snyder’s first collection of poetry was Riprap (Four Seasons Foundation, 1959), which was followed the next year by Myths and Texts (Totem Press, 1960), Six Sections from Mountains and Rivers without End (1965), Cold Mountain Poems (Four Seasons, 1965), The Back Country (New Directions, 1968), a collection of essays Earth House Hold (New Directions, 1969), Regarding Wave (Windhover Press, 1969), Manzanita (Four Seasons Foundation, 1972), The Fudo Trilogy (Shaman Drum, 1973) and the Pulitzer Prize-winning Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974). With an increase in popularity, Snyder became a spokesman for environmental issues and served on the Board for the California Arts Council between 1974 and 1979. He began local projects and schools, including the North San Juan School House and the Ring-of-Bone Zendo Buddhist community centre. Snyder then published a series of essays and prose in The Old Ways (City Lights Books, 1977), The Real Work: Interviews and Talks, 1964-1979 (New Directions, 1980), and an account of his travels with poets Joanne Kyger and Allen Ginsberg Passage through India (1983), and a return to poetry with Axe Handles (North Point Press, 1983), and Left Out in the Rain (North Point Press, 1986). Snyder then began teaching at the University of California, Davis, in both the English and Nature and Culture Departments. More recently, he has published essays and poetry in No Nature: New and Selected Poems (Pantheon Books, 1992), a completed version of a long poem previously published Mountains and Rivers without End (Counterpoint, 1996) which won the Bollingen Prize. His collected poetry can be found in The Gary Snyder Reader: Prose, Poetry and Translations 1952-1998 (Counterpoint, 1999) and The High Sierra of California: Poems and Journals of Gary Snyder (Quail Press, 2000). Snyder retired from teaching in 2002, but has continued advocating for environmental issues and writing poetry, publishing Danger on Peaks (Shoemaker & Hoard, 2004), Back on the Fire: Essays (Shoemaker & Hoard, 2007).\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Author\",\"Performer\"]}]"],"contributors_names":["Sommer, Richard"],"contributors_names_search":["Sommer, Richard"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n84036163\",\"name\":\"Sommer, Richard\",\"dates\":\"1934-2012\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Series organizer\",\"Presenter\"]}]"],"Presenter_name":["Sommer, Richard"],"Series_organizer_name":["Sommer, Richard"],"Production_Date":[1971],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"Scotch\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"3 3/4 ips\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"Scotch\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"3 3/4 ips\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"3 3/4 ips\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"3 3/4 ips\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel","Reel to Reel","Reel to Reel","Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue","Analogue","Analogue","Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio","Audio","Audio","Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo","Stereo","Stereo","Stereo"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1971 11 5\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"Date apecified in written announcements\\n\",\"source\":\"Supplemental Material\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/22080570\",\"venue\":\"Hall Building Room H-651\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"1455, Boul de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada\",\"latitude\":\"45.4972758\",\"longitude\":\"-73.57893043\"}]"],"Address":["1455, Boul de Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, Canada"],"Venue":["Hall Building Room H-651"],"City":["Montreal, Quebec"],"content_notes":["Gary Snyder reads poems later collected in Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974), originally published in a limited edition book called Manzanita (Four Seasons Press, 1972). He also reads one poem from Regarding Wave (Fulcrum Press, 1971), one poem from Coyote’s Journal #9 (1971), one poem from The Fudo Trilogy (Shaman Drum, 1973), and several from Mountains and Rivers Without End (Counterpoint) only published in 1997, as well as other poems from unknown sources. "],"contents":["gary_snyder_i006-11-106-1.mp3 [File 1 of 4]\n\nRichard (Dick) Sommer\n00:00:00\nProbably some of us are here in order to look at or touch the Gary Snyder [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315963] who actually went and did all those semi-mythological things, who has climbed mountains and traveled in India with Allen Ginsberg [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6711], who provided Kerouac [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160534] with a book character, who has lived in or on the edges of several different kinds of wilderness, who has lived in the precincts of Japanese Buddhist monasteries, who has fought, I think has fought hard, to keep other cultures than ours, and other kinds of life than human life, from obliteration. And who has written poems out of the consciousness of these things. For myself, Gary Snyder hasn't made poems so much as he has provided me with windows made out of words. These are windows that have had a way of, themselves disappearing, leaving me usually standing where I think I want to be, out in the open world. So, I came here, I've come here, to meet whoever it is that makes so many good windows. I'll let you discover for yourselves how much this window-maker is what a windowmaker should be, himself, just open and clear. I'd like to present Gary Snyder.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:02:58\nI forgot one more thing I wanted to have out here. Good evening. I'm going to read in two sets this evening, with a little intermission. And first of all, I'm not going to read any poems tonight from my published books, because those poems are available and what is interesting to me is always what I'm doing, where I'm moving. So I'm going to read from a cycle of short poems, moderately short poems, which I call \"Charms\", and\nthen there'll be a break, and then I'm going to read recent sections that I've been working on from a long poem in progress called \"Mountains and Rivers Without End\". I came back to the United States [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30] from Japan [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17] with my wife and children about three years ago now, and went as rapidly as possible to settle in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26777], on the north slope of the south fork of the Yuba river [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181973] at three-thousand foot elevation. And I've been living there for almost two years now. I'm saying this by way of introduction to this first cycle of poems called \"Charms\". I was brought up on a farm, and all of my ancestors that I know of, for the last few generations on both sides, were rural people, or miners, miners in Colorado [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261], Leadville [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286702], places like that. And it amazes me in a mysterious way how to get back to doing what my father was doing when I was a little boy, and what, and which I remember as a little boy, and to get back to doing what my grandfather was doing, which is to say--again, looking at the fences, looking at the stumps, looking at the house, looking at the well, looking at the spring and saying, how are we going to do it--touches me more deeply than I can possibly explain. And at the same time, being confronted again with these choices, which are the choices of the American frontier, and also the choices of medieval Europeans, and neolithic Mediterranean people, and neolithic Japanese people, and neolithic Chinese people. With what I've come to understand, a little more now, about history, anthropology, and biology, I feel an extraordinary responsibility to understand why I make the choices I make, in such matters as, where does one break the ground and locate a garden, or which trees does one select to fall. In other words, I find myself again in that position of entering virgin land, and this time, I want to understand, in the process of making my own choices, I want to understand why we did it wrong, every time before, and hope to get some insights in how one goes about doing it right, this time. In moving toward that understanding, in making the choices that I have to make, about how we are going to live, in the semi-wilderness and true wilderness of the Sierra Nevada, my teachers have to be scientific foresters, biologists and ecologists on the one hand, and the American Indians on the other. There are no other teachers available for these choices.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:08:02\nAnd so these poems, in the cycle called \"Charms\", reflect those debts and reflect the search for that knowledge, insofar as I've gotten into it up to this point. It starts with a little chant, called \"Grace for Love\". Before we...grace, in the sense of the grace that we say before meals. Which is, grace is gratitude, an expression of gratitude for a meal. And the gratitude that we say at my rancheria is a kind of a rough translation from a Japanese Buddhist grace which goes like this in English: \"We venerate the three treasures and are thankful for this meal, the work of other people, and the suffering of other forms of life.\" The need for grace, for love, is something I became aware of when I realized that there was a level of validity in the Catholic Church's objection to contraceptive devices, insofar as love, like food, is a sacrament, and that there is level in which the act of love should inevitably be connected with the consciousness of its role in moving the seed, in transmitting the energy of the knowledge of the biomass, as transmitted down through time. But I felt that the church is far too simple-minded in assuming that the energy aroused in the sacrament of love, in the direction of fertility, has to mean literally that the people who are acting that sacrament out have to necessarily procreate their own kind. And so we came to this, I and several other people, came to this, as what primitive people would call the transferral of merit, or species-increase ritual. In other words, we make love with gratitude to other beings, and wish to transfer our fertility from the human race to the vanishing species.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:11:09\nPerforms \"Grace for Love\".\n\nGary Snyder\n00:14:20\nReads \"A Curse on the Man In the Pentagon, Washington\".\n\nGary Snyder\n00:16:37\nThat's from a Cheyenne ghost dance song, that little last chorus.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:16:43\nReads \"I went into the Maverick Bar\" [published later  in Turtle Island].\n\nGary Snyder\n00:18:25\nThe Navajo word \"Anasazi\" means \"the ancient ones.\" It's the name that the Navajo gave to the people who lived in the canyons and cliffs of Chaco Canyon [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49786970] and Canyon De Chelly [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41679118] and Mesa Verde [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821095] and many other sites. Probably the people were the ancestors of the present Pueblo people, living there probably up until the twelfth century, till the great drought of the thirteenth century. The people who more than any others, to judge from what the Pueblo people are still able to transmit today, the people who more than any others have achieved what could truly be called \"civilization\" on this continent, and whose lore embodies perhaps two millennia of deep experience. I wrote this at Canyon De Chelly.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:19:52\nReads “Anasazi” [published later in Turtle Island].\n\nGary Snyder\n00:21:11\nThe Canyon De Chelly, which will come up in another poem I'm going to read later today, and in fact, all over the West, all over the Great Basin [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q966943], and in other parts of North America [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49] too, notably on the granite outcroppings on th]e northern shores of Lake Superior [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066], for example, are designs pecked into the rocks, petroglyphs. Anthropologists, Americanists, whatever you call 'em, haven't had much time to study those petroglyphs yet, because they've been engaged through all the years of this century in a hasty, half-successful salvage operation. Salvaging the remnants of this or that dying culture, recording and taping the last words of a dying language, and they've had no time to give to studying these older things that they know are there, such as the petroglyphs. But the petroglyphs have a repeated vocabulary of motifs which are found in patterns distributed all over North America, and particularly in the West. One of the most widespread is a hand, that someone has put on a cliff or a boulder face, apparently outlined, and then filled it in with red, hematite, or a red hand. That red hand often is lacking a finger, or lacking a finger-joint. This would not be notable in itself if it weren't that in the caves of southern France [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142] and northern Spain [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29], there are dated, back as far as 40,000 years, the same red hands, with missing fingers and missing finger-joints are found. This is only one of a number of things which are found all the way. And so this next poem, \"The Way West Underground\", is one of a number of poems, and this is perhaps the most intellectual of them, in which I'm trying to trace out how you get back to make the line of connection between what I know the American knows, what I am beginning to know the American Indian knew, and what I am beginning to know our prehistoric ancestors knew, which was not a different knowledge. And the question of why our prehistoric ancestors lost it is another question. Actually the main impetus of this poem deals with the bears, because there's an international mystery religion called the Bear Cult, that runs all the way from Finland [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33] to Utah [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829], across Siberia [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428], and it shares the mysterious central theme, which is a girl who marries a bear. I've written several poems about that girl. And about the bears. And so this is coming in on that from another angle.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:25:12\nReads \"The Way West Underground\" [published later in Turtle Island].\n\nEND\n00:26:55\n\n\ngary_snyder_i006-11-106-2.mp3 [File 2 of 4]\n\nGary Snyder\n00:00:00\n--which is a way Finnish men sing folk songs together.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:00:05\nResumes reading of \"The Way West Underground\".\n\nUnknown\n00:02:20\n[Cut or edit made in tape].\n\nGary Snyder\n00:02:21\nSo I had to trace back again in my mind, with my eyes, with my observation: of course, the plants produce seeds, the birds feed on the seeds, and so forth. Small members of the food chain. The ocean is similar but in a different set of relationships. We live on an exuberance of sexuality. We eat the reproductive organs of grasses: wheat, rice. Because herring or cod have millions of eggs that hatch into millions of almost-microscopic fry, the food chains of the ocean are made possible.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:03:16 \nReads \"The Song of the Taste\" from Regarding Wave.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:04:51\nI read that because it goes so nicely with this other poem, called \"Song to the Raw Material\". I really think a lot about these things these days because I've put myself deliberately in the position of having to know where my food comes from, and it's no longer a question of, like do I eat natural foods or supermarket foods, or do I eat meat or am I a vegetarian, it's more sophisticated than that, it's a lot more subtle than that. Like literally, where did it come from. And by what means can I have a sense of responsibility and gratitude to what it is that I'm eating and in what sense can I repay that world, whichever world it is, that I am feeding off of. Well of course one way you can repay it is by being a willing, and gracious, member of the food chain yourself. Now we are rather large animals, which means that we are rather high in the food chain. But nonetheless, quite edible. And it would be a great honour, really, to be eaten by a large, rare predator, and I can't think of any way I'd rather finish my days than to give myself to a grizzly bear, if I could, you know, choose when. [Laughter]. Like get all my affairs in order first. I'm not ready yet! Or at least, go back, as large creatures often do, go back into the cycle of feeding smaller creatures. But you can see the basic biological ignorance of this society, the ignorance of what systems really are, what basic systems are, and what our responsibilities to our membership in basic systems is, by the fact that they either burn people up or they fill them full of chemicals which make them not tasty, and lock them in bronze caskets, and so forth. The only people in the world who are righteous about this particular question seem to be the Tibetans and the Parsis, I mean, really righteous about it. The Tibetans and the Parsis have an old tradition, which is mentioned, it's so old that it's mentioned by Herodotus [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11925546], in talking about a group of people called the Magi, in Persia [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q794], that is to say they expose their dead in elevated places and feed them to the vultures. That's one very elegant way, actually, to deal with it. The Eskimo, an Eskimo shaman whose name I forget, is reputed to have said, \"We live dangerous lives, because our food consists entirely of souls\". “Song to the Raw Material”.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:08:12\nReads \"Song of the Raw Material\".\n\nGary Snyder\n00:09:12\nReads \"Steak\" [published later in Turtle Island; audience laughter and applause throughout].\n\nGary Snyder\n00:10:53\nI saw that in Lethbridge [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270887], Alberta [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1951]. [Audience laughter]. The creation mythology of Japan, called the kojiki, is very long, and very complicated. I tried to boil it down to some kind of a formula I could understand, at least boil down the first hundred pages of it, so I wrote this--it's about how the world is created according to the Japanese creation mythology. I think. I think that's what it is.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:11:28\nReads \"No matter, never mind\" [published later in Turtle Island].\n\nAudience\n00:12:14\nLaughter and applause.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:12:24\nIt's funny how the language is smarter than we are, [audience laughter] yeah. Like we can get hung up on mind/matter dualism, but the language won't accept it. It says the same thing two ways. \"The Bath\". Where we live we don't have any electricity or propane, and so we do everything with wood, including heating our bath, which we found the best wood-fired bathing system was a Finnish-type sauna, and...so this poem, you know just to set the scene, it's a somewhat longer poem, this poem is a sauna, with a wood-burning stove that also heats a tank of water on the side, and with a bench that you sit up on and a lower place that you can get down on and wash with. You can get these wood-fired sauna-stoves from some Finnish outfit in Michigan [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166]. The only place in the United States that I have been able to locate that makes sauna stoves that fire wood. I highly recommend them. The personae in this are my wife, my three-year old son, my three-and a-half year old son, my two-year-old son.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:14:00\nReads \"The Bath\" [published later in Turtle Island].\n\nGary Snyder\n00:19:31\nSome friends said to us, when we moved up to the backcountry, ah, you're just getting away from your responsibilities. You're evading the struggle. So I wrote this little poem as a, kind of a light answer to that. It's called \"Front Lines\".\n\nGary Snyder\n00:19:59\nReads \"Front Lines\" [published later in Turtle Island].\n\nGary Snyder\n00:21:36\nThat poem is not an exaggeration of what we're doing. We are, like, where I am and a number of other people I know around this continent, have their backs up against the wilderness, so to speak, and they're not going to let this thing go past them. If they can help it, or as you say, over my dead body. The California Indians used to set control burns, as distinct from wildfires, forestry terms, which contributed to the maintenance of what you might call a climax timber stand, keeping the undergrowth burnt out, keeping an annual deer-forage coming in, and protecting the large timber, as it were, from destructive forest fires, because whenever a forest fire--which is very common in California [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99], it's an annual event--whenever forest fires go through, went through the forests when they were in that condition, it simply went through taking the ground cover off, but couldn't get hot enough or high enough to kill the large trees. With the advent of logging, mining, and the Manzanita brush that follows on that, the whole flora of California changed radically. All of the flora of California changed. What happened was that the woods got very brushy, and then the early forestry practices which were, of course, to put forest fires out whenever they came on them, in some ways contributed to the increasingly dangerous situation of dense brush, logging slash laying around, second-growth trees not really very large yet, and a situation where every brush fire that went through killed absolutely everything grew up. And that's the state of the state now, to a large extent, although there are some hip foresters now who are back into control burns as best as they can. This poem is called \"Control Burn\" and it only starts from what I'm just talking about, taking that as an image.\n\nGary Snyder\n00:24:00\nReads \"Control Burn\" [published later in Turtle Island].\n\nGary Snyder\n00:25:37\nReads \"The Great Mother\" [published later in Turtle Island].\n\nEND\n00:26:55\n\n\ngary_snyder_i006-11-106-3.mp3 [File 3 of 4]\n\nGary Snyder\n00:00:00\nEverything in this next poem is all true. Almost everything.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:00:17\nReads \"The Call of the Wild\", Part I [published later in Turtle Island]. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:00:32\nReads \"The Call of the Wild\", Part II [published later in Turtle Island]. \n \nAnnotation\n00:01:52.06\nReads \"The Call of the Wild,\" Part III [published later in Turtle Island]. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:04:11\nReads \"Source\" [published later in Turtle Island]. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:05:40\nIn the poem \"Charms\", which is dedicated to Michael McClure [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1390054], who has more than any other living poet, or person even that I know, has gone farther than anyone else, I think, into becoming one with, in understanding, in penetrating, in perceiving the consciousness of other beings.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:06:15\nReads \"Charms\" [published later in Turtle Island]. \n \nAudience\n00:07:45\nApplause. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:08:01\nI want to read one little poem that kind of, that I just wrote on the plane the other day.  Flying in here yesterday I wrote this. And then we'll take a break. But this belongs, really, with these poems. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:08:15\nReads \"How did a great red-tailed Hawk come to lie on the shoulder of Interstate 5\" [published later in Turtle Island]. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:10:05\nOkay, let's take a break.  \n\nAudience\n00:10:07\nApplause.\n\nUnknown\n00:10:17\nAmbient Sound [voices].\n \nAudience Member 1\n00:10:29\nDo you remember getting tiny toys for your children from San Francisco [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62]? There was a small book that I saw in the States, folded out in a certain, section-by-section, parts of the earth kinda, growing larger and larger and larger...\n \nGary Snyder\n00:10:46\nI haven't seen it.\n \nAudience Member 1\n00:10:48\nNo, I guess...it's sort of, um, anti-war toys.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:10:51\nSounds nice. Yeah. Some place in San Francisco you can get it?\n \nAudience Member 1\n00:10:56\nUm, I don't know, it was from a certain, a certain group of people, and I don't remember their names. It was beautiful. Nice gift to give little kids.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:11:07\nI shall watch for it when I go there again. Thank you. \n \nAudience Member 1\n00:11:13\nOkay. You bet. [Inaudible]\n \nGary Snyder\n00:11:14\nOkay. [Laughter].\n \nAudience Member 2\n00:11:19\nMan you're incredible. You're so good. I really dig your stuff.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:11:26\n[Laughter]. Thank you.\n \nAudience Member 2\n00:11:26\nI really dig it, will you come for a drink with me later? With me and my friends?\n \nGary Snyder\n00:11:31\nI gotta go some place later.\n \nAudience Member 2\n00:11:33\nYou sure? \n \nGary Snyder\n00:11:34\nYeah. I mean, like I...they got something set up for me. \n \nAudience Member 2\n00:11:38\nI don't, I don't know, I really dig that, I really dig that [inaudible] I just came in, I thought your stuff was so incredible...Your stuff, the way you bring it across to people!\n \nGary Snyder\n00:11:51\nWell, that's what I try to do.\n \nAudience Member 2\n00:11:54\nHave you written a book?\n \nGary Snyder\n00:11:54\nI've written a lot of books. [Laughter].\n \nAudience Member 2\n00:11:58\nNo no no, no really, no really, I don't know too much about...Gary Snyder, you know?\n \nGary Snyder\n00:12:04\nWell, you'd probably find, I don't know, because I'm coming here, because of my being here now, they've probably got some of my books in the bookstore, if you want to go look. [Laughter].\n \nAudience Member 2\n00:12:13\nSee I'm writing this play right now, you know? I'm trying to express myself and it's really...it's really strange [Cut off abruptly].\n \nUnknown\n00:12:27\n[Cut or edit in tape. Unknown amount of time elapsed].\n \nGary Snyder\n00:12:28\nWell, there has been a great deal of opposition to nuclear energy, and nuclear power-generating stations, in the United States so effective in some areas that a lot of generating plants have been blocked or slowed down in their construction. And I think that the United States government is about to launch on an enormous effort to calm the public and to lull it into accepting massive developments of nuclear energy generating centres, fast-breeder and later, perhaps, fusion. Now I myself would have no objection to such a thing if I could be convinced that it was safe, both in the long term and the short term, and although it might be conceivably safe in the short term, I can see no way in which it would be safe in the long run, because nuclear wastes accumulated over, say, several centuries, as they might be, or more, in increasing quantities around the globe, are going to out eventually, and even though you can say, well, we're putting it off for five hundred thousand years, five hundred thousand years is not a very long time.  And if we are feeding a wasteful, industrial, technological, consumer society for a few more centuries, buying it a few more centuries of life, at the expense of all future biological health on the planet, it's obviously not worth it. The Amchitka test, which is possibly interested in such things as what uses very large explosions would have in releasing oil from oil-bearing shale or something like that, I think the U.S. administration is going ahead with this test in the face of all this criticism, deliberately, as a deliberate and very intelligent gamble. The chances are that nothing will happen. When nothing happens, then they will be able to say, \"All you people were hysterical. You see?  Nothing happened\".  And that will buy them a lot of time and a lot of credibility to proceed strongly and forcibly with more nuclear testing and more nuclear power generation development. And the conservationists, perhaps, have in a way, played into their hands, by making such a big issue out of it, so that they will be left holding an empty bag if nothing happens. If something does happen, then the administration can say, \"You're right, we were wrong\", and Nixon [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9588] perhaps forfeits the next election. That's all. Okay. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:15:25.61\n\"Mountains and Rivers Without End\" is a poem that I've been working on, it's a long poem, a long series of interconnected long poems that I've been working on for some years. I'm going to read several sections from that tonight. Including one or two that are very recent, in fact these are all pretty recent. \"Mountains and Rivers without End\". The title of the poem comes from a Yuan Dynasty [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313] Chinese scroll, that unfolds sideways and is thirty-five feet long. By way of introduction, a little poem called \"The Rabbit\". There are many sections to this, I'm only going to read [counts under breath.]..six tonight.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:16:27\nReads \"The Rabbit\" [published later in Mountains and Rivers Without End].\n \nGary Snyder\n00:18:04\n\"The California Water Plan\". The state of California at the moment is engaged in a large, incredibly wasteful, incredibly stupid, illegal, even by their own terms, water plan project, which if they're lucky, will salinate the Sacramento Valley [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1686914] and make agriculture permanently impossible. I was up in the Minarets [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412852] in the Sierra last summer, thinking about the California Water Plan [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28228216], and I perceived something of what the true California Water Plan was. So I wrote this down. It refers to an obscure little Buddhist god called Fudo, or Achala [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337624], who is my particular guardian, my personal guardian and my personal teacher, and, so I use, I refer to him, in several poems. The other two poems in which I refer to him actually are a piece called \"Smokey the Bear Sutra\", and another piece called \"Spell Against Demons\". This is the final, actually, this is the third and final poem in the trilogy of Fudo poems. Also. But you'll find all about Fudo in this poem, it'll drive you crazy.    \n \nGary Snyder\n00:19:48\nReads \"The California Water Plan\" [later published in The Fudo Trilogy].\n \nGary Snyder\n00:25:34\n\"Kumarajiva's Mother\". Now, the rest of these poems that I'm going to read this evening are cutting back and forth between ancient India [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q668] and ancient North America. I--living as I do and where I have lived all my life, we face the Pacific [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98]. And, the American Indian came from Asia [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48], or vice versa, the Asians came from North America. I mean I know a Shoshone who says that. He says, \"We've always been here, those Asians came from here\". [Laughter].  \"What do you mean we came from someplace else, that's some white anthropologist theory\". [Laughter]. \"Kumarajiva's Mother.\" Kumarajiva [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335293] was a great Buddhist monk-scholar-translator, who was kidnapped by the Chinese from Central Asia, by force, and carried off to China [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148] where he was made to translate Sanskrit Buddhist texts into Chinese, and he stayed there the rest of his life, with a crew of about eighty Chinese assistants, day and night, translating sutras. He did a lot of translation. He also got in trouble, because he liked girls, and on one occasion, because he actually had mistresses apparently, he ate a bowl of needles, like you sew with needles, in front of an assembly of all the monks and assistants in Peking [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956], or no it wasn't Peking in those days, it was Chang'an [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501000], all of the monks and assistants in the capital, Chang'an, and then he said, \"When you boys can eat needles, you can have girlfriends too\". [Audience laughter]. But this poem is about his mother. [Audience laughter]. And I really, I mean I could explain to you why I wrote this poem but it isn't really worth explaining, I'll just read it. It has to do partly with the fact that my mother has freckles. And I was trying to figure out at this time, when I wrote this, I was trying to figure out whatever happened to women in Buddhism? Like something happened to 'em. They got lost. For a long time, anyway.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:28:22\nReads \"Kumarajiva's Mother\".\n \nEND\n00:30:59\n\n\ngary_snyder_i006-11-106-4.mp3 [File 4 of 4]\n \nGary Snyder\n00:00:00\n...alone in the 8th century, and studied at an enormous Buddhist, Mahayana university called Nalanda [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216243], for fifteen years, and then walked back to China, with a fraying pack full of books, which he translated for the next twenty years after he got back to China. He brought the school of Buddhism, which is called the school of Mind Only, and the school of Emptiness. That's one aspect of this next poem. Another aspect is a little petroglyph, American Indian petroglyph figure, called the hump-backed flute player, a little stick figure playing the flute, with a pack on his back, walking. He was found pecked on the rocks from Sonora [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46422], Mexico [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96] up into the Great Basin, and about which almost nothing is known. The Ghost Dance, which was a Messianic Indian religion, started by a Paiute named Wovoka https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558420], which asserted that perhaps by magic the white man could be swept away from North America and the game would return.  And finally, the oldest living beings are the bristle-coned pine, who live in the White Mountains [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1556007], at an elevation of nine thousand feet in eastern California, the oldest of which is something like four thousand five hundred years old. So this poem is called \"The Humpbacked Flute Player\".\n \nGary Snyder\n00:01:59\nReads \"The Humpbacked Flute Player\" from Coyote’s Journal #9 [and published later in Mountains and Rivers Without End]. \n \nGary Snyder\n00:08:36\nI'm going to finish with one more poem called \"Down\". These poems are not in the order that they're going to be, but they're in a convenient order for the moment.\n \nGary Snyder\n00:09:05\nReads \"Down\".\n \nAudience\n00:11:48\nApplause.\n \nRichard (Dick) Sommer\n00:12:18\nI can't thank you for that. I don't know any way. Charles Simic [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722555] will be reading on November 19th. Thank you. \n\nAudience\n00:12:40 \nApplause.\n\nEND\n00:12:45\n"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Year-Specific Information:\\n\\nIn 1971, Gary Snyder published The back country (New Directions Press) and First time round (Roaring Fork Press), the first edition of Manzanita (Kent State University), Swimming naked in the Yuba River (Maidu Press), Anasazi (Yes! Press), Regarding Wave: Poems (Fulcrum Press) contributed to Sky, sea, birds, trees, earth, house, beasts, flowers (Unicorn Press) with Kenneth Rexroth, to Coyote’s journal: #9 (Book People) with Albert Glover, James Coller and Allen Ginsberg, and to Six poems/seven prints (Kent State University) with Alex Gildzen, John Ashbery, James Bertolino, Gwendolyn Brooks, Denise Levertov and Steven Osterlund.\",\"type\":\"General\"},{\"note\":\"Local Connections:\\n\\nIt is not clear what Gary Snyder’s connection to Sir George Williams University or Montreal was, but he no doubt had an influential role in the shaping of American poetry, specifically in the San Francisco Renaissance and the Beat movement. The series tried to include poets from all types of poetry backgrounds and from both Canada and the U.S.; Snyder was an important American poet at this time.\",\"type\":\"General\"},{\"note\":\"Original transcript and print catalogue by Rachel Kyne\\n\\nOriginal print catalogue, introduction, research and edits by Celyn Harding-Jones\\n\\nAdditional research and edits by Ali Barillaro\\n\",\"type\":\"Cataloguer\"},{\"note\":\"4 reel-to-reel tapes>2 CDs>4 digital files\",\"type\":\"Preservation\"}]"],"Related_works":["[{\"url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#1\",\"citation\":\"Boxer, Avi; Bryan McCarthy and Graham Seal. “Letters: re: Reverend Richard J. Sommer”. The Georgian. Montreal: Sir George Williams University, 12 November 1971, page 4. \"},{\"url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#1\",\"citation\":\"Boxer, Avi; Bryan McCarthy and Graham Seal. “Letters: Get Your Shit Together...”. The Georgian. Montreal: Sir George Williams University, 19 November 1971, page 4. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/oxford-encyclopedia-of-american-literature/oclc/769478515&referer=brief_results\",\"citation\":\"DiFranco, Aaron K. \\\"Snyder, Gary\\\". The Oxford Encyclopedia of American Literature. Jay Parini (ed). Oxford University Press, 2004. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/oxford-companion-to-twentieth-century-poetry-in-english/oclc/807465072&referer=brief_results\",\"citation\":\"Maxwell, Glyn. \\\"Snyder, Gary\\\". The Oxford Companion to Twentieth-Century Poetry in English. Ian Hamilton (ed). Oxford University Press, 1996. \"},{\"url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#1\",\"citation\":\"Morrissey, Stephen. “Letters: Inexcusable Ignorance”. The Georgian. Montreal: Sir George Williams University, 26 November 1971, page 4. \"},{\"url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#1\",\"citation\":\"Pearson, Allen. “Letters: The Second Coming?”. The Georgian. Montreal: Sir George Williams University, 12 November 1971, page 4. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/fudo-trilogy/oclc/622284906&referer=brief_results\",\"citation\":\"Snyder, Gary. The Fudo Trilogy. Berkley, California: Shaman Drum, 1973. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6925688\",\"citation\":\"Snyder, Gary. Mountains and Rivers Without End. Washington, D.C.: Counterpoint Press, 1996. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/regarding-wave-gary-snyder/oclc/463402884&referer=brief_results\",\"citation\":\"Snyder, Gary. Regarding Wave. New York: New Directions Press, 1967. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/six-sections-from-mountains-and-rivers-without-end/oclc/295205&referer=brief_results\",\"citation\":\"Snyder, Gary. Six Sections from Mountains and Rivers Without End. San Francisco: Four Seasons Press, 1965. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/concise-oxford-companion-to-american-literature/oclc/1146399202&referer=brief_results\",\"citation\":\"\\\"Snyder, Gary\\\". The Concise Oxford Companion to American Literature. James D. Hart (ed). Oxford University Press, 1986. \"},{\"url\":\"https://www.worldcat.org/title/oxford-companion-to-american-literature/oclc/54356940&referer=brief_results\",\"citation\":\"\\\"Snyder, Gary [Sherman]\\\". The Oxford Companion to American Literature. James D. Hart (ed.), Phillip W. Leininger (rev). Oxford University Press, 1995. \"},{\"url\":\"\",\"citation\":\"Snyder, Gary. Turtle Island. 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Reel\",\"credit\":\"Drew Bernet\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Photograph\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/I0006_11_0106-4_front.jpg\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"I0006_11_0106-4_front.jpg\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-0cAe1GF8xZsc62jpUDXwgvyCd6ZmvSw\",\"title\":\"Gary Snyder Tape Box 4 - Front\",\"credit\":\"Drew Bernet\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Photograph\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/I0006_11_0106-4_back.jpg\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"I0006_11_0106-4_back.jpg\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-0cAe1GF8xZsc62jpUDXwgvyCd6ZmvSw\",\"title\":\"Gary Snyder Tape Box 4 - Back\",\"credit\":\"Drew Bernet\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Photograph\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/01/I0006_11_0106-4_side.jpg\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"I0006_11_0106-4_side.jpg\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1-0cAe1GF8xZsc62jpUDXwgvyCd6ZmvSw\",\"title\":\"Gary Snyder Tape Box 4 - Spine\",\"credit\":\"Drew Bernet\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Photograph\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"https://files.spokenweb.ca/concordia/sgw/audio/all_mp3/gary_snyder_i006-11-106-1.mp3\",\"file_path\":\"files.spokenweb.ca>concordia>sgw>audio>all_mp3\",\"filename\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-1.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"00:26:55\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"64.6 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-1.mp3 [File 1 of 4]\\n\\nRichard (Dick) Sommer\\n00:00:00\\nProbably some of us are here in order to look at or touch the Gary Snyder [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q315963] who actually went and did all those semi-mythological things, who has climbed mountains and traveled in India with Allen Ginsberg [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6711], who provided Kerouac [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160534] with a book character, who has lived in or on the edges of several different kinds of wilderness, who has lived in the precincts of Japanese Buddhist monasteries, who has fought, I think has fought hard, to keep other cultures than ours, and other kinds of life than human life, from obliteration. And who has written poems out of the consciousness of these things. For myself, Gary Snyder hasn't made poems so much as he has provided me with windows made out of words. These are windows that have had a way of, themselves disappearing, leaving me usually standing where I think I want to be, out in the open world. So, I came here, I've come here, to meet whoever it is that makes so many good windows. I'll let you discover for yourselves how much this window-maker is what a windowmaker should be, himself, just open and clear. I'd like to present Gary Snyder.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:02:58\\nI forgot one more thing I wanted to have out here. Good evening. I'm going to read in two sets this evening, with a little intermission. And first of all, I'm not going to read any poems tonight from my published books, because those poems are available and what is interesting to me is always what I'm doing, where I'm moving. So I'm going to read from a cycle of short poems, moderately short poems, which I call \\\"Charms\\\", and\\nthen there'll be a break, and then I'm going to read recent sections that I've been working on from a long poem in progress called \\\"Mountains and Rivers Without End\\\". I came back to the United States [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30] from Japan [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17] with my wife and children about three years ago now, and went as rapidly as possible to settle in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26777], on the north slope of the south fork of the Yuba river [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181973] at three-thousand foot elevation. And I've been living there for almost two years now. I'm saying this by way of introduction to this first cycle of poems called \\\"Charms\\\". I was brought up on a farm, and all of my ancestors that I know of, for the last few generations on both sides, were rural people, or miners, miners in Colorado [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1261], Leadville [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q286702], places like that. And it amazes me in a mysterious way how to get back to doing what my father was doing when I was a little boy, and what, and which I remember as a little boy, and to get back to doing what my grandfather was doing, which is to say--again, looking at the fences, looking at the stumps, looking at the house, looking at the well, looking at the spring and saying, how are we going to do it--touches me more deeply than I can possibly explain. And at the same time, being confronted again with these choices, which are the choices of the American frontier, and also the choices of medieval Europeans, and neolithic Mediterranean people, and neolithic Japanese people, and neolithic Chinese people. With what I've come to understand, a little more now, about history, anthropology, and biology, I feel an extraordinary responsibility to understand why I make the choices I make, in such matters as, where does one break the ground and locate a garden, or which trees does one select to fall. In other words, I find myself again in that position of entering virgin land, and this time, I want to understand, in the process of making my own choices, I want to understand why we did it wrong, every time before, and hope to get some insights in how one goes about doing it right, this time. In moving toward that understanding, in making the choices that I have to make, about how we are going to live, in the semi-wilderness and true wilderness of the Sierra Nevada, my teachers have to be scientific foresters, biologists and ecologists on the one hand, and the American Indians on the other. There are no other teachers available for these choices.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:08:02\\nAnd so these poems, in the cycle called \\\"Charms\\\", reflect those debts and reflect the search for that knowledge, insofar as I've gotten into it up to this point. It starts with a little chant, called \\\"Grace for Love\\\". Before we...grace, in the sense of the grace that we say before meals. Which is, grace is gratitude, an expression of gratitude for a meal. And the gratitude that we say at my rancheria is a kind of a rough translation from a Japanese Buddhist grace which goes like this in English: \\\"We venerate the three treasures and are thankful for this meal, the work of other people, and the suffering of other forms of life.\\\" The need for grace, for love, is something I became aware of when I realized that there was a level of validity in the Catholic Church's objection to contraceptive devices, insofar as love, like food, is a sacrament, and that there is level in which the act of love should inevitably be connected with the consciousness of its role in moving the seed, in transmitting the energy of the knowledge of the biomass, as transmitted down through time. But I felt that the church is far too simple-minded in assuming that the energy aroused in the sacrament of love, in the direction of fertility, has to mean literally that the people who are acting that sacrament out have to necessarily procreate their own kind. And so we came to this, I and several other people, came to this, as what primitive people would call the transferral of merit, or species-increase ritual. In other words, we make love with gratitude to other beings, and wish to transfer our fertility from the human race to the vanishing species.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:09\\nPerforms \\\"Grace for Love\\\".\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:14:20\\nReads \\\"A Curse on the Man In the Pentagon, Washington\\\".\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:16:37\\nThat's from a Cheyenne ghost dance song, that little last chorus.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:16:43\\nReads \\\"I went into the Maverick Bar\\\" [published later  in Turtle Island].\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:18:25\\nThe Navajo word \\\"Anasazi\\\" means \\\"the ancient ones.\\\" It's the name that the Navajo gave to the people who lived in the canyons and cliffs of Chaco Canyon [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49786970] and Canyon De Chelly [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41679118] and Mesa Verde [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821095] and many other sites. Probably the people were the ancestors of the present Pueblo people, living there probably up until the twelfth century, till the great drought of the thirteenth century. The people who more than any others, to judge from what the Pueblo people are still able to transmit today, the people who more than any others have achieved what could truly be called \\\"civilization\\\" on this continent, and whose lore embodies perhaps two millennia of deep experience. I wrote this at Canyon De Chelly.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:19:52\\nReads “Anasazi” [published later in Turtle Island].\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:21:11\\nThe Canyon De Chelly, which will come up in another poem I'm going to read later today, and in fact, all over the West, all over the Great Basin [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q966943], and in other parts of North America [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49] too, notably on the granite outcroppings on th]e northern shores of Lake Superior [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066], for example, are designs pecked into the rocks, petroglyphs. Anthropologists, Americanists, whatever you call 'em, haven't had much time to study those petroglyphs yet, because they've been engaged through all the years of this century in a hasty, half-successful salvage operation. Salvaging the remnants of this or that dying culture, recording and taping the last words of a dying language, and they've had no time to give to studying these older things that they know are there, such as the petroglyphs. But the petroglyphs have a repeated vocabulary of motifs which are found in patterns distributed all over North America, and particularly in the West. One of the most widespread is a hand, that someone has put on a cliff or a boulder face, apparently outlined, and then filled it in with red, hematite, or a red hand. That red hand often is lacking a finger, or lacking a finger-joint. This would not be notable in itself if it weren't that in the caves of southern France [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q142] and northern Spain [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29], there are dated, back as far as 40,000 years, the same red hands, with missing fingers and missing finger-joints are found. This is only one of a number of things which are found all the way. And so this next poem, \\\"The Way West Underground\\\", is one of a number of poems, and this is perhaps the most intellectual of them, in which I'm trying to trace out how you get back to make the line of connection between what I know the American knows, what I am beginning to know the American Indian knew, and what I am beginning to know our prehistoric ancestors knew, which was not a different knowledge. And the question of why our prehistoric ancestors lost it is another question. Actually the main impetus of this poem deals with the bears, because there's an international mystery religion called the Bear Cult, that runs all the way from Finland [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33] to Utah [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q829], across Siberia [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428], and it shares the mysterious central theme, which is a girl who marries a bear. I've written several poems about that girl. And about the bears. And so this is coming in on that from another angle.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:25:12\\nReads \\\"The Way West Underground\\\" [published later in Turtle Island].\\n\\nEND\\n00:26:55\\n\",\"notes\":\"Gary Snyder reads poems later collected in Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974), originally published in a limited edition book called Manzanita (Four Seasons Press, 1972). He also reads one poem from Regarding Wave (Fulcrum Press, 1971), one poem from Coyote’s Journal #9 (1971), one poem from The Fudo Trilogy (Shaman Drum, 1973), and several from Mountains and Rivers Without End (Counterpoint) only published in 1997, as well as other poems from unknown sources. \\n\\nI006-11-106=AC.1\\n00:17- Introducer (Perhaps Richard Sommer) introduces Gary Snyder. [INDEX: semi mythological things, climbed mountains and traveled to India with Allen Ginsberg, Jack\\nKerouac’s book character, wilderness, living in precincts of Japanese Buddhist\\nmonasteries, keeping cultures from obliteration, poems out of the consciousness,\\nwindows, open world, window-maker].\\n02:58- Gary Snyder introduces the reading, and poetry cycle “Charms” and long poem\\n“Mountains and Rivers Without End”. [INDEX: reading in two sets, all poems read\\nare unpublished, long poem in-progress “Mountains and Rivers Without End”, returning\\nfrom Japan to the U.S. three years prior, wife and children, settling in the foothills of the\\nSierra Nevada, north slope of the south fork of the Yuba river, three-thousand foot\\nelevation, origins on a farm, miners in Leadville, Colorado, how to get back to father’s\\noccupation, childhood, grandfather, fences, as a child in nature, spring (river), American\\nfrontier, medieval Europeans, neolithic Mediterranean people, neolithic Japanese people, neolithic Chinese people, history, anthropology, biology, responsibility of humans’ place on earth, choices we make in terms of nature, scientific foresters, ecologists, American Indians (as teachers)].\\n08:02- Introduces poetry cycle “Charms”, and “Grace for Love”. [INDEX: debts, search for knowledge, grace (gratitude for meal), rancheria, Japanese Buddhist grace, love, level of validity in the Catholic Church’s objection to contraception, food, sacrament, act of love, transference of ‘seed’ or knowledge, transferral of merit, species-increase ritual; from unknown source].\\n11:09- Chants “Grace for Love”.\\n14:20- Reads “A Curse on the Man in the Pentagon, Washington”. [INDEX: from unknown source].\\n16:37- Explains last chorus of “A Curse on the Man in the Pentagon, Washington”.\\n16:43- Reads “I went into the Maverick Bar”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island].\\n18:25- Introduces “Anasazi”. [INDEX: means ‘ancient ones’ in Navajo, name of people living in Chaco Canyon, Mesa Verde and Canyon de Chelly, ancestors of present Pueblo people, 12th century, the great drought of the 13th century, civilization, two millennia of ‘deep experience’, written at Canyon de Chelly; from Turtle Island]\\n19:52- Reads “Anasazi”.\\n21:11- Introduces “The Way West Underground”. [INDEX: Canyon de Chelly, West and Great Basin, granite outcroppings of the northern shores of Lake Superior, petroglyphs,\\nAnthropologists, salvaging remnants of dying cultures, vocabulary of motifs, hand\\npetroglyph, caves of southern France and northern Spain, 40,000 years ago, intellectual\\npoem, tracing out lines of connections between Americans, American Indians, prehistoric ancestors, main impetus of the poem is an international mystery religion called the Bear Cult, runs from Finland to Utah, Siberia, central theme: girl who marries a bear; from Turtle Island].\\n25:12- Reads “The Way West Underground”.\\n26:55- Interjects comment about poem. [INDEX: Finnish men singing folk songs].\\n[*note: cut or edit made in transcript, time elapsed unknown*]\\n29:16- Snyder is talking (not sure if it’s about the poem). [INDEX: observation, plants, seeds, birds, small members of food chain, ocean, exuberance of sexuality, reproductive organs of grasses, wheat, rice, herring, cod, millions of eggs, food chain of the ocean].\\n30:11- Reads “The Song of the Taste”. [INDEX: from Regarding Wave].\\n31:46- Introduces “Song for the Raw Material”. [INDEX: food, natural vs. supermarket foods, vegetarian vs. carnivore, being part of the food chain, being eaten by a bear, biological ignorance of society, basic systems, chemicals, Tibetans and Parsis, Herodotus, Maghi in Persia, feeding dead to the vultures, Eskimo shaman quote].\\n35:07- Reads “Song of the Raw Material”. [INDEX: perhaps “Song to the Raw Material”,\\nunknown source].\\n36:07- Reads “Steak”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island].\\n37:48- Introduces “No matter, never mind”. [INDEX: Lethbridge, Alberta, creation mythology of Japan (koji-ki); from Turtle Island].\\n38:23- Reads “No matter, never mind”.\\n39:19- Introduces “The Bath”. [INDEX: no electricity (wood heating), Finnish sauna, poem as a sauna, Michigan, personae in the poem are his wife, three sons; from Turtle Island].\\n40:55- Reads “The Bath”.\\n46:26- Introduces “Front Lines”. [INDEX: evading the struggle; from Turtle Island].\\n46:54- Reads “Front Lines”.\\n48:31- Explains parts of “Front Lines”, introduces “Control Burn”. [INDEX: wilderness,\\nCalifornia ‘Indians’, control burns, forest fires in California, logging, mining, Manzanita\\nbrush, flora changing; from Turtle Island].\\n50:55- Reads “Control Burn”.\\n52:32- Reads “The Great Mother”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island].\\n\\nFIRST CD (I006-11-106=AC.1)\\nPoem Read:\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tTime Stamp\\tDuration (mins):\\n\\n“Grace for Love”  \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:11:09   \\t03:10\\n“A Curse on the Man in the Pentagon…” \\t00:14:20        02:17\\n“I went into the Maverick Bar…”  \\t\\t\\t00:16:23        01:42\\n“Anasazi”  \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:19:52        02:17\\n“The Way West Underground”  \\t\\t\\t00:25:12        04:01\\n“The Song of the Taste”  \\t\\t\\t\\t00:30:11        01:35\\n“Song for the Raw Material”  \\t\\t\\t00:35:07        00:58\\n“Steak”  \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:36:07        01:41\\n“No Matter, Never Mind”   \\t\\t\\t\\t00:38:23        00:46\\n“The Bath” \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:40:55        05:29\\n“Front Lines” \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:46:54        01:36\\n“Control Burn” \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:50:55        01:37\\n“The Great Mother”  \\t\\t\\t\\t00:52:32        00:42\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Sound Recording\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#1\"},{\"file_url\":\"https://files.spokenweb.ca/concordia/sgw/audio/all_mp3/gary_snyder_i006-11-106-2.mp3\",\"file_path\":\"files.spokenweb.ca>concordia>sgw>audio>all_mp3\",\"filename\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-2.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"00:26:55\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"63.2 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-2.mp3 [File 2 of 4]\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:00:00\\n--which is a way Finnish men sing folk songs together.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:00:05\\nResumes reading of \\\"The Way West Underground\\\".\\n\\nUnknown\\n00:02:20\\n[Cut or edit made in tape].\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:02:21\\nSo I had to trace back again in my mind, with my eyes, with my observation: of course, the plants produce seeds, the birds feed on the seeds, and so forth. Small members of the food chain. The ocean is similar but in a different set of relationships. We live on an exuberance of sexuality. We eat the reproductive organs of grasses: wheat, rice. Because herring or cod have millions of eggs that hatch into millions of almost-microscopic fry, the food chains of the ocean are made possible.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:03:16 \\nReads \\\"The Song of the Taste\\\" from Regarding Wave.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:04:51\\nI read that because it goes so nicely with this other poem, called \\\"Song to the Raw Material\\\". I really think a lot about these things these days because I've put myself deliberately in the position of having to know where my food comes from, and it's no longer a question of, like do I eat natural foods or supermarket foods, or do I eat meat or am I a vegetarian, it's more sophisticated than that, it's a lot more subtle than that. Like literally, where did it come from. And by what means can I have a sense of responsibility and gratitude to what it is that I'm eating and in what sense can I repay that world, whichever world it is, that I am feeding off of. Well of course one way you can repay it is by being a willing, and gracious, member of the food chain yourself. Now we are rather large animals, which means that we are rather high in the food chain. But nonetheless, quite edible. And it would be a great honour, really, to be eaten by a large, rare predator, and I can't think of any way I'd rather finish my days than to give myself to a grizzly bear, if I could, you know, choose when. [Laughter]. Like get all my affairs in order first. I'm not ready yet! Or at least, go back, as large creatures often do, go back into the cycle of feeding smaller creatures. But you can see the basic biological ignorance of this society, the ignorance of what systems really are, what basic systems are, and what our responsibilities to our membership in basic systems is, by the fact that they either burn people up or they fill them full of chemicals which make them not tasty, and lock them in bronze caskets, and so forth. The only people in the world who are righteous about this particular question seem to be the Tibetans and the Parsis, I mean, really righteous about it. The Tibetans and the Parsis have an old tradition, which is mentioned, it's so old that it's mentioned by Herodotus [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11925546], in talking about a group of people called the Magi, in Persia [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q794], that is to say they expose their dead in elevated places and feed them to the vultures. That's one very elegant way, actually, to deal with it. The Eskimo, an Eskimo shaman whose name I forget, is reputed to have said, \\\"We live dangerous lives, because our food consists entirely of souls\\\". “Song to the Raw Material”.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:08:12\\nReads \\\"Song of the Raw Material\\\".\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:09:12\\nReads \\\"Steak\\\" [published later in Turtle Island; audience laughter and applause throughout].\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:10:53\\nI saw that in Lethbridge [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270887], Alberta [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1951]. [Audience laughter]. The creation mythology of Japan, called the kojiki, is very long, and very complicated. I tried to boil it down to some kind of a formula I could understand, at least boil down the first hundred pages of it, so I wrote this--it's about how the world is created according to the Japanese creation mythology. I think. I think that's what it is.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:28\\nReads \\\"No matter, never mind\\\" [published later in Turtle Island].\\n\\nAudience\\n00:12:14\\nLaughter and applause.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:12:24\\nIt's funny how the language is smarter than we are, [audience laughter] yeah. Like we can get hung up on mind/matter dualism, but the language won't accept it. It says the same thing two ways. \\\"The Bath\\\". Where we live we don't have any electricity or propane, and so we do everything with wood, including heating our bath, which we found the best wood-fired bathing system was a Finnish-type sauna, and...so this poem, you know just to set the scene, it's a somewhat longer poem, this poem is a sauna, with a wood-burning stove that also heats a tank of water on the side, and with a bench that you sit up on and a lower place that you can get down on and wash with. You can get these wood-fired sauna-stoves from some Finnish outfit in Michigan [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1166]. The only place in the United States that I have been able to locate that makes sauna stoves that fire wood. I highly recommend them. The personae in this are my wife, my three-year old son, my three-and a-half year old son, my two-year-old son.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:14:00\\nReads \\\"The Bath\\\" [published later in Turtle Island].\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:19:31\\nSome friends said to us, when we moved up to the backcountry, ah, you're just getting away from your responsibilities. You're evading the struggle. So I wrote this little poem as a, kind of a light answer to that. It's called \\\"Front Lines\\\".\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:19:59\\nReads \\\"Front Lines\\\" [published later in Turtle Island].\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:21:36\\nThat poem is not an exaggeration of what we're doing. We are, like, where I am and a number of other people I know around this continent, have their backs up against the wilderness, so to speak, and they're not going to let this thing go past them. If they can help it, or as you say, over my dead body. The California Indians used to set control burns, as distinct from wildfires, forestry terms, which contributed to the maintenance of what you might call a climax timber stand, keeping the undergrowth burnt out, keeping an annual deer-forage coming in, and protecting the large timber, as it were, from destructive forest fires, because whenever a forest fire--which is very common in California [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99], it's an annual event--whenever forest fires go through, went through the forests when they were in that condition, it simply went through taking the ground cover off, but couldn't get hot enough or high enough to kill the large trees. With the advent of logging, mining, and the Manzanita brush that follows on that, the whole flora of California changed radically. All of the flora of California changed. What happened was that the woods got very brushy, and then the early forestry practices which were, of course, to put forest fires out whenever they came on them, in some ways contributed to the increasingly dangerous situation of dense brush, logging slash laying around, second-growth trees not really very large yet, and a situation where every brush fire that went through killed absolutely everything grew up. And that's the state of the state now, to a large extent, although there are some hip foresters now who are back into control burns as best as they can. This poem is called \\\"Control Burn\\\" and it only starts from what I'm just talking about, taking that as an image.\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:24:00\\nReads \\\"Control Burn\\\" [published later in Turtle Island].\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:25:37\\nReads \\\"The Great Mother\\\" [published later in Turtle Island].\\n\\nEND\\n00:26:55\\n\",\"notes\":\"Gary Snyder reads poems later collected in Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974), originally published in a limited edition book called Manzanita (Four Seasons Press, 1972). He also reads one poem from Regarding Wave (Fulcrum Press, 1971), one poem from Coyote’s Journal #9 (1971), one poem from The Fudo Trilogy (Shaman Drum, 1973), and several from Mountains and Rivers Without End (Counterpoint) only published in 1997, as well as other poems from unknown sources. \\n\\nI006-11-106=AC.1\\n00:17- Introducer (Perhaps Richard Sommer) introduces Gary Snyder. [INDEX: semi mythological things, climbed mountains and traveled to India with Allen Ginsberg, Jack\\nKerouac’s book character, wilderness, living in precincts of Japanese Buddhist\\nmonasteries, keeping cultures from obliteration, poems out of the consciousness,\\nwindows, open world, window-maker].\\n02:58- Gary Snyder introduces the reading, and poetry cycle “Charms” and long poem\\n“Mountains and Rivers Without End”. [INDEX: reading in two sets, all poems read\\nare unpublished, long poem in-progress “Mountains and Rivers Without End”, returning\\nfrom Japan to the U.S. three years prior, wife and children, settling in the foothills of the\\nSierra Nevada, north slope of the south fork of the Yuba river, three-thousand foot\\nelevation, origins on a farm, miners in Leadville, Colorado, how to get back to father’s\\noccupation, childhood, grandfather, fences, as a child in nature, spring (river), American\\nfrontier, medieval Europeans, neolithic Mediterranean people, neolithic Japanese people, neolithic Chinese people, history, anthropology, biology, responsibility of humans’ place on earth, choices we make in terms of nature, scientific foresters, ecologists, American Indians (as teachers)].\\n08:02- Introduces poetry cycle “Charms”, and “Grace for Love”. [INDEX: debts, search for knowledge, grace (gratitude for meal), rancheria, Japanese Buddhist grace, love, level of validity in the Catholic Church’s objection to contraception, food, sacrament, act of love, transference of ‘seed’ or knowledge, transferral of merit, species-increase ritual; from unknown source].\\n11:09- Chants “Grace for Love”.\\n14:20- Reads “A Curse on the Man in the Pentagon, Washington”. [INDEX: from unknown source].\\n16:37- Explains last chorus of “A Curse on the Man in the Pentagon, Washington”.\\n16:43- Reads “I went into the Maverick Bar”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island].\\n18:25- Introduces “Anasazi”. [INDEX: means ‘ancient ones’ in Navajo, name of people living in Chaco Canyon, Mesa Verde and Canyon de Chelly, ancestors of present Pueblo people, 12th century, the great drought of the 13th century, civilization, two millennia of ‘deep experience’, written at Canyon de Chelly; from Turtle Island]\\n19:52- Reads “Anasazi”.\\n21:11- Introduces “The Way West Underground”. [INDEX: Canyon de Chelly, West and Great Basin, granite outcroppings of the northern shores of Lake Superior, petroglyphs,\\nAnthropologists, salvaging remnants of dying cultures, vocabulary of motifs, hand\\npetroglyph, caves of southern France and northern Spain, 40,000 years ago, intellectual\\npoem, tracing out lines of connections between Americans, American Indians, prehistoric ancestors, main impetus of the poem is an international mystery religion called the Bear Cult, runs from Finland to Utah, Siberia, central theme: girl who marries a bear; from Turtle Island].\\n25:12- Reads “The Way West Underground”.\\n26:55- Interjects comment about poem. [INDEX: Finnish men singing folk songs].\\n[*note: cut or edit made in transcript, time elapsed unknown*]\\n29:16- Snyder is talking (not sure if it’s about the poem). [INDEX: observation, plants, seeds, birds, small members of food chain, ocean, exuberance of sexuality, reproductive organs of grasses, wheat, rice, herring, cod, millions of eggs, food chain of the ocean].\\n30:11- Reads “The Song of the Taste”. [INDEX: from Regarding Wave].\\n31:46- Introduces “Song for the Raw Material”. [INDEX: food, natural vs. supermarket foods, vegetarian vs. carnivore, being part of the food chain, being eaten by a bear, biological ignorance of society, basic systems, chemicals, Tibetans and Parsis, Herodotus, Maghi in Persia, feeding dead to the vultures, Eskimo shaman quote].\\n35:07- Reads “Song of the Raw Material”. [INDEX: perhaps “Song to the Raw Material”,\\nunknown source].\\n36:07- Reads “Steak”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island].\\n37:48- Introduces “No matter, never mind”. [INDEX: Lethbridge, Alberta, creation mythology of Japan (koji-ki); from Turtle Island].\\n38:23- Reads “No matter, never mind”.\\n39:19- Introduces “The Bath”. [INDEX: no electricity (wood heating), Finnish sauna, poem as a sauna, Michigan, personae in the poem are his wife, three sons; from Turtle Island].\\n40:55- Reads “The Bath”.\\n46:26- Introduces “Front Lines”. [INDEX: evading the struggle; from Turtle Island].\\n46:54- Reads “Front Lines”.\\n48:31- Explains parts of “Front Lines”, introduces “Control Burn”. [INDEX: wilderness,\\nCalifornia ‘Indians’, control burns, forest fires in California, logging, mining, Manzanita\\nbrush, flora changing; from Turtle Island].\\n50:55- Reads “Control Burn”.\\n52:32- Reads “The Great Mother”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island].\\n\\nFIRST CD (I006-11-106=AC.1)\\nPoem Read:\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\tTime Stamp\\tDuration (mins):\\n\\n“Grace for Love”  \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:11:09   \\t03:10\\n“A Curse on the Man in the Pentagon…” \\t00:14:20        02:17\\n“I went into the Maverick Bar…”  \\t\\t\\t00:16:23        01:42\\n“Anasazi”  \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:19:52        02:17\\n“The Way West Underground”  \\t\\t\\t00:25:12        04:01\\n“The Song of the Taste”  \\t\\t\\t\\t00:30:11        01:35\\n“Song for the Raw Material”  \\t\\t\\t00:35:07        00:58\\n“Steak”  \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:36:07        01:41\\n“No Matter, Never Mind”   \\t\\t\\t\\t00:38:23        00:46\\n“The Bath” \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:40:55        05:29\\n“Front Lines” \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:46:54        01:36\\n“Control Burn” \\t\\t\\t\\t\\t00:50:55        01:37\\n“The Great Mother”  \\t\\t\\t\\t00:52:32        00:42\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Sound Recording\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#2\"},{\"file_url\":\"https://files.spokenweb.ca/concordia/sgw/audio/all_mp3/gary_snyder_i006-11-106-3.mp3\",\"file_path\":\"files.spokenweb.ca>concordia>sgw>audio>all_mp3\",\"filename\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-3.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"00:30:59\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"74.4 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-3.mp3 [File 3 of 4]\\n\\nGary Snyder\\n00:00:00\\nEverything in this next poem is all true. Almost everything.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:00:17\\nReads \\\"The Call of the Wild\\\", Part I [published later in Turtle Island]. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:00:32\\nReads \\\"The Call of the Wild\\\", Part II [published later in Turtle Island]. \\n \\nAnnotation\\n00:01:52.06\\nReads \\\"The Call of the Wild,\\\" Part III [published later in Turtle Island]. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:04:11\\nReads \\\"Source\\\" [published later in Turtle Island]. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:05:40\\nIn the poem \\\"Charms\\\", which is dedicated to Michael McClure [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1390054], who has more than any other living poet, or person even that I know, has gone farther than anyone else, I think, into becoming one with, in understanding, in penetrating, in perceiving the consciousness of other beings.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:06:15\\nReads \\\"Charms\\\" [published later in Turtle Island]. \\n \\nAudience\\n00:07:45\\nApplause. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:08:01\\nI want to read one little poem that kind of, that I just wrote on the plane the other day.  Flying in here yesterday I wrote this. And then we'll take a break. But this belongs, really, with these poems. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:08:15\\nReads \\\"How did a great red-tailed Hawk come to lie on the shoulder of Interstate 5\\\" [published later in Turtle Island]. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:10:05\\nOkay, let's take a break.  \\n\\nAudience\\n00:10:07\\nApplause.\\n\\nUnknown\\n00:10:17\\nAmbient Sound [voices].\\n \\nAudience Member 1\\n00:10:29\\nDo you remember getting tiny toys for your children from San Francisco [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62]? There was a small book that I saw in the States, folded out in a certain, section-by-section, parts of the earth kinda, growing larger and larger and larger...\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:10:46\\nI haven't seen it.\\n \\nAudience Member 1\\n00:10:48\\nNo, I guess...it's sort of, um, anti-war toys.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:10:51\\nSounds nice. Yeah. Some place in San Francisco you can get it?\\n \\nAudience Member 1\\n00:10:56\\nUm, I don't know, it was from a certain, a certain group of people, and I don't remember their names. It was beautiful. Nice gift to give little kids.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:07\\nI shall watch for it when I go there again. Thank you. \\n \\nAudience Member 1\\n00:11:13\\nOkay. You bet. [Inaudible]\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:14\\nOkay. [Laughter].\\n \\nAudience Member 2\\n00:11:19\\nMan you're incredible. You're so good. I really dig your stuff.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:26\\n[Laughter]. Thank you.\\n \\nAudience Member 2\\n00:11:26\\nI really dig it, will you come for a drink with me later? With me and my friends?\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:31\\nI gotta go some place later.\\n \\nAudience Member 2\\n00:11:33\\nYou sure? \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:34\\nYeah. I mean, like I...they got something set up for me. \\n \\nAudience Member 2\\n00:11:38\\nI don't, I don't know, I really dig that, I really dig that [inaudible] I just came in, I thought your stuff was so incredible...Your stuff, the way you bring it across to people!\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:51\\nWell, that's what I try to do.\\n \\nAudience Member 2\\n00:11:54\\nHave you written a book?\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:11:54\\nI've written a lot of books. [Laughter].\\n \\nAudience Member 2\\n00:11:58\\nNo no no, no really, no really, I don't know too much about...Gary Snyder, you know?\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:12:04\\nWell, you'd probably find, I don't know, because I'm coming here, because of my being here now, they've probably got some of my books in the bookstore, if you want to go look. [Laughter].\\n \\nAudience Member 2\\n00:12:13\\nSee I'm writing this play right now, you know? I'm trying to express myself and it's really...it's really strange [Cut off abruptly].\\n \\nUnknown\\n00:12:27\\n[Cut or edit in tape. Unknown amount of time elapsed].\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:12:28\\nWell, there has been a great deal of opposition to nuclear energy, and nuclear power-generating stations, in the United States so effective in some areas that a lot of generating plants have been blocked or slowed down in their construction. And I think that the United States government is about to launch on an enormous effort to calm the public and to lull it into accepting massive developments of nuclear energy generating centres, fast-breeder and later, perhaps, fusion. Now I myself would have no objection to such a thing if I could be convinced that it was safe, both in the long term and the short term, and although it might be conceivably safe in the short term, I can see no way in which it would be safe in the long run, because nuclear wastes accumulated over, say, several centuries, as they might be, or more, in increasing quantities around the globe, are going to out eventually, and even though you can say, well, we're putting it off for five hundred thousand years, five hundred thousand years is not a very long time.  And if we are feeding a wasteful, industrial, technological, consumer society for a few more centuries, buying it a few more centuries of life, at the expense of all future biological health on the planet, it's obviously not worth it. The Amchitka test, which is possibly interested in such things as what uses very large explosions would have in releasing oil from oil-bearing shale or something like that, I think the U.S. administration is going ahead with this test in the face of all this criticism, deliberately, as a deliberate and very intelligent gamble. The chances are that nothing will happen. When nothing happens, then they will be able to say, \\\"All you people were hysterical. You see?  Nothing happened\\\".  And that will buy them a lot of time and a lot of credibility to proceed strongly and forcibly with more nuclear testing and more nuclear power generation development. And the conservationists, perhaps, have in a way, played into their hands, by making such a big issue out of it, so that they will be left holding an empty bag if nothing happens. If something does happen, then the administration can say, \\\"You're right, we were wrong\\\", and Nixon [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9588] perhaps forfeits the next election. That's all. Okay. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:15:25.61\\n\\\"Mountains and Rivers Without End\\\" is a poem that I've been working on, it's a long poem, a long series of interconnected long poems that I've been working on for some years. I'm going to read several sections from that tonight. Including one or two that are very recent, in fact these are all pretty recent. \\\"Mountains and Rivers without End\\\". The title of the poem comes from a Yuan Dynasty [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313] Chinese scroll, that unfolds sideways and is thirty-five feet long. By way of introduction, a little poem called \\\"The Rabbit\\\". There are many sections to this, I'm only going to read [counts under breath.]..six tonight.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:16:27\\nReads \\\"The Rabbit\\\" [published later in Mountains and Rivers Without End].\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:18:04\\n\\\"The California Water Plan\\\". The state of California at the moment is engaged in a large, incredibly wasteful, incredibly stupid, illegal, even by their own terms, water plan project, which if they're lucky, will salinate the Sacramento Valley [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1686914] and make agriculture permanently impossible. I was up in the Minarets [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412852] in the Sierra last summer, thinking about the California Water Plan [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28228216], and I perceived something of what the true California Water Plan was. So I wrote this down. It refers to an obscure little Buddhist god called Fudo, or Achala [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q337624], who is my particular guardian, my personal guardian and my personal teacher, and, so I use, I refer to him, in several poems. The other two poems in which I refer to him actually are a piece called \\\"Smokey the Bear Sutra\\\", and another piece called \\\"Spell Against Demons\\\". This is the final, actually, this is the third and final poem in the trilogy of Fudo poems. Also. But you'll find all about Fudo in this poem, it'll drive you crazy.    \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:19:48\\nReads \\\"The California Water Plan\\\" [later published in The Fudo Trilogy].\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:25:34\\n\\\"Kumarajiva's Mother\\\". Now, the rest of these poems that I'm going to read this evening are cutting back and forth between ancient India [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q668] and ancient North America. I--living as I do and where I have lived all my life, we face the Pacific [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98]. And, the American Indian came from Asia [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48], or vice versa, the Asians came from North America. I mean I know a Shoshone who says that. He says, \\\"We've always been here, those Asians came from here\\\". [Laughter].  \\\"What do you mean we came from someplace else, that's some white anthropologist theory\\\". [Laughter]. \\\"Kumarajiva's Mother.\\\" Kumarajiva [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q335293] was a great Buddhist monk-scholar-translator, who was kidnapped by the Chinese from Central Asia, by force, and carried off to China [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148] where he was made to translate Sanskrit Buddhist texts into Chinese, and he stayed there the rest of his life, with a crew of about eighty Chinese assistants, day and night, translating sutras. He did a lot of translation. He also got in trouble, because he liked girls, and on one occasion, because he actually had mistresses apparently, he ate a bowl of needles, like you sew with needles, in front of an assembly of all the monks and assistants in Peking [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q956], or no it wasn't Peking in those days, it was Chang'an [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501000], all of the monks and assistants in the capital, Chang'an, and then he said, \\\"When you boys can eat needles, you can have girlfriends too\\\". [Audience laughter]. But this poem is about his mother. [Audience laughter]. And I really, I mean I could explain to you why I wrote this poem but it isn't really worth explaining, I'll just read it. It has to do partly with the fact that my mother has freckles. And I was trying to figure out at this time, when I wrote this, I was trying to figure out whatever happened to women in Buddhism? Like something happened to 'em. They got lost. For a long time, anyway.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:28:22\\nReads \\\"Kumarajiva's Mother\\\".\\n \\nEND\\n00:30:59\\n\",\"notes\":\"I006-11-106=AC.2\\n00:02- Gary Snyder introduces “The Call of the Wild”. [INDEX: true; from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974).]\\n00:17- Reads “The Call of the Wild”, Part I.\\n00:32- Reads “The Call of the Wild”, Part II.\\n01:52- Reads “The Call of the Wild”, Part III.\\n04:11- Reads “Source”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974).]\\n05:40- Introduces “Charms”. [INDEX: dedicated to Michael McClure, consciousness of other beings; from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974).]\\n06:15- Reads “Charms”.\\n08:01- Introduces “The Dead by the Side of the Road” [INDEX: wrote on the plane the        previous day; from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974)]\\n08:15- Reads “The Dead by the Side of the Road”.\\n09:55- Break is taken, audience member #1 asks question. [INDEX: suggests small anti-war children’s toys.]\\n11:26- Audience member #2 asks question (part is cut). [INDEX: books, bookstore, writing play]\\n12:21- Gary Snyder speaks about opposition to nuclear energy. [INDEX: nuclear energy, nuclear power-generating stations, U.S. government, energy generating centres, industrial technological consumer society, expense on the future biological health of the planet, Amchitka test, oil-bearing shale, conservationists, Nixon, election.]\\n15:25- Introduces “Mountains and Rivers Without End” and “The Rabbit”. [INDEX: long \\tpoem, inter-connected long poems, reading several sections from it, title from Yuan     \\tDynasty Chinese scroll, little poem called “The Rabbit”, many sections- only reading 6;   \\tperhaps published as “Jackrabbit”, published much later in Mountains and Rivers Without End (Counterpoint, 1997).]\\n16:27- Reads “The Rabbit”.\\n18:04- Introduces “The California Water Plan”. [INDEX: state of California, water plan      project, salinate the Sacramento Valley and make the Sacramento Valley agriculturally  \\tdead, Minarets in the Sierra, Buddhist god called Fudo or Achala, personal guardian or    teacher, other two poems that reference Buddhist god: “Smokey the Bear Sutra” and “Spell Against Demons”, third poem in trilogy of Fudo poems; from The Fudo Trilogy      \\t(Shaman Drum, 1973).]\\n19:48- Reads “The California Water Plan”.\\n25:34- Introduces “Kumarajiva’s Mother”. [INDEX: rest of poems read are from ancient India and ancient North America, Pacific Ocean, American Indians from Asia or vice versa, Shoshone, white anthropologist theory, Kumarajiva was Buddhist monk-scholar-  \\ttranslator, Central Asia, China, translated Sanskrit Buddhist texts to Chinese, translating sutras, Peking (or Chang’an), Snyder’s mother, women in Buddhism; from unknown         source.]\\n28:22- Reads “Kumarajiva’s Mother”.\\n30:59- CUT made in tape, Snyder begins mid-sentence, introduces “The Humpbacked Flute Player”. [INDEX: 8th century, Mahayana university called NAllenda, China, Buddhism, school of the Mind Only, the school of Emptiness, two aspects of the poem, American Indian petroglyph figure of a hump-backed flute player, Sonora, Mexico, Great Basin, The Ghost Dance (Messianic Indian Religion started by a Paiute named Wovoka), oldest living beings are the bristle-coned pine, White Mountains, California; published in Coyote’s Journal 9 (1971) and in Mountains and Rivers Without End (Counterpoint, 1997).]\\n32:59- Reads “The Humpbacked Flute Player”.\\n39:36- Introduces “Down”. [INDEX: ordering of poems; from unknown source.]\\n40:05- Reads “Down”.\\n43:18- Introducer Richard Sommer thanks Gary Snyder, announces Charles Simic’s     \\treading. [INDEX: Charles Simic, November 19th, 1971.]\\n \\nSECOND CD (I006-11-106=AC.2) \\nPoems Read                                   \\t\\t\\t\\tTime Stamp:  Duration:\\n“The Call of the Wild” – Part I                                          \\t00:00:17      \\t00:16\\n“The Call of the Wild” – Part II                                         \\t00:00:32      \\t01:17\\n“The Call of the Wild” – Part III                                        \\t00:01:52      \\t02:15\\n“Source”                                                                             \\t00:04:11      \\t01:27\\n“Charms”                                                                            \\t00:06:15      \\t01:29\\n“The Dead by the Side of the Road”                                  \\t00:08:15      \\t01:40\\n“The Rabbit”                                                                       \\t00:16:27      \\t01:35\\n“The California Water Plan”                                  \\t        \\t00:19:48      \\t05:45\\n“Kumurajiva’s Mother”      \\t                                            \\t00:28:22      \\t02:36\\n“The Hump-Backed Flute Player”                                     \\t00:32:59      \\t06:34\\n“Down”                                                                               \\t00:40:05      \\t02:42\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Sound Recording\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#3\"},{\"file_url\":\"https://files.spokenweb.ca/concordia/sgw/audio/all_mp3/gary_snyder_i006-11-106-4.mp3\",\"file_path\":\"files.spokenweb.ca>concordia>sgw>audio>all_mp3\",\"filename\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-4.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"\",\"duration\":\"00:12:45\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"30.6 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"gary_snyder_i006-11-106-4.mp3 [File 4 of 4]\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:00:00\\n...alone in the 8th century, and studied at an enormous Buddhist, Mahayana university called Nalanda [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216243], for fifteen years, and then walked back to China, with a fraying pack full of books, which he translated for the next twenty years after he got back to China. He brought the school of Buddhism, which is called the school of Mind Only, and the school of Emptiness. That's one aspect of this next poem. Another aspect is a little petroglyph, American Indian petroglyph figure, called the hump-backed flute player, a little stick figure playing the flute, with a pack on his back, walking. He was found pecked on the rocks from Sonora [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46422], Mexico [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96] up into the Great Basin, and about which almost nothing is known. The Ghost Dance, which was a Messianic Indian religion, started by a Paiute named Wovoka https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q558420], which asserted that perhaps by magic the white man could be swept away from North America and the game would return.  And finally, the oldest living beings are the bristle-coned pine, who live in the White Mountains [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1556007], at an elevation of nine thousand feet in eastern California, the oldest of which is something like four thousand five hundred years old. So this poem is called \\\"The Humpbacked Flute Player\\\".\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:01:59\\nReads \\\"The Humpbacked Flute Player\\\" from Coyote’s Journal #9 [and published later in Mountains and Rivers Without End]. \\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:08:36\\nI'm going to finish with one more poem called \\\"Down\\\". These poems are not in the order that they're going to be, but they're in a convenient order for the moment.\\n \\nGary Snyder\\n00:09:05\\nReads \\\"Down\\\".\\n \\nAudience\\n00:11:48\\nApplause.\\n \\nRichard (Dick) Sommer\\n00:12:18\\nI can't thank you for that. I don't know any way. Charles Simic [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q722555] will be reading on November 19th. Thank you. \\n\\nAudience\\n00:12:40 \\nApplause.\\n\\nEND\\n00:12:45\\n\",\"notes\":\"I006-11-106=AC.2\\n00:02- Gary Snyder introduces “The Call of the Wild”. [INDEX: true; from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974).]\\n00:17- Reads “The Call of the Wild”, Part I.\\n00:32- Reads “The Call of the Wild”, Part II.\\n01:52- Reads “The Call of the Wild”, Part III.\\n04:11- Reads “Source”. [INDEX: from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974).]\\n05:40- Introduces “Charms”. [INDEX: dedicated to Michael McClure, consciousness of other beings; from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974).]\\n06:15- Reads “Charms”.\\n08:01- Introduces “The Dead by the Side of the Road” [INDEX: wrote on the plane the        previous day; from Turtle Island (New Directions, 1974)]\\n08:15- Reads “The Dead by the Side of the Road”.\\n09:55- Break is taken, audience member #1 asks question. [INDEX: suggests small anti-war children’s toys.]\\n11:26- Audience member #2 asks question (part is cut). [INDEX: books, bookstore, writing play]\\n12:21- Gary Snyder speaks about opposition to nuclear energy. [INDEX: nuclear energy, nuclear power-generating stations, U.S. government, energy generating centres, industrial technological consumer society, expense on the future biological health of the planet, Amchitka test, oil-bearing shale, conservationists, Nixon, election.]\\n15:25- Introduces “Mountains and Rivers Without End” and “The Rabbit”. [INDEX: long \\tpoem, inter-connected long poems, reading several sections from it, title from Yuan     \\tDynasty Chinese scroll, little poem called “The Rabbit”, many sections- only reading 6;   \\tperhaps published as “Jackrabbit”, published much later in Mountains and Rivers Without End (Counterpoint, 1997).]\\n16:27- Reads “The Rabbit”.\\n18:04- Introduces “The California Water Plan”. [INDEX: state of California, water plan      project, salinate the Sacramento Valley and make the Sacramento Valley agriculturally  \\tdead, Minarets in the Sierra, Buddhist god called Fudo or Achala, personal guardian or    teacher, other two poems that reference Buddhist god: “Smokey the Bear Sutra” and “Spell Against Demons”, third poem in trilogy of Fudo poems; from The Fudo Trilogy      \\t(Shaman Drum, 1973).]\\n19:48- Reads “The California Water Plan”.\\n25:34- Introduces “Kumarajiva’s Mother”. [INDEX: rest of poems read are from ancient India and ancient North America, Pacific Ocean, American Indians from Asia or vice versa, Shoshone, white anthropologist theory, Kumarajiva was Buddhist monk-scholar-  \\ttranslator, Central Asia, China, translated Sanskrit Buddhist texts to Chinese, translating sutras, Peking (or Chang’an), Snyder’s mother, women in Buddhism; from unknown         source.]\\n28:22- Reads “Kumarajiva’s Mother”.\\n30:59- CUT made in tape, Snyder begins mid-sentence, introduces “The Humpbacked Flute Player”. [INDEX: 8th century, Mahayana university called NAllenda, China, Buddhism, school of the Mind Only, the school of Emptiness, two aspects of the poem, American Indian petroglyph figure of a hump-backed flute player, Sonora, Mexico, Great Basin, The Ghost Dance (Messianic Indian Religion started by a Paiute named Wovoka), oldest living beings are the bristle-coned pine, White Mountains, California; published in Coyote’s Journal 9 (1971) and in Mountains and Rivers Without End (Counterpoint, 1997).]\\n32:59- Reads “The Humpbacked Flute Player”.\\n39:36- Introduces “Down”. [INDEX: ordering of poems; from unknown source.]\\n40:05- Reads “Down”.\\n43:18- Introducer Richard Sommer thanks Gary Snyder, announces Charles Simic’s     \\treading. [INDEX: Charles Simic, November 19th, 1971.]\\n \\nSECOND CD (I006-11-106=AC.2) \\nPoems Read                                   \\t\\t\\t\\tTime Stamp:  Duration:\\n“The Call of the Wild” – Part I                                          \\t00:00:17      \\t00:16\\n“The Call of the Wild” – Part II                                         \\t00:00:32      \\t01:17\\n“The Call of the Wild” – Part III                                        \\t00:01:52      \\t02:15\\n“Source”                                                                             \\t00:04:11      \\t01:27\\n“Charms”                                                                            \\t00:06:15      \\t01:29\\n“The Dead by the Side of the Road”                                  \\t00:08:15      \\t01:40\\n“The Rabbit”                                                                       \\t00:16:27      \\t01:35\\n“The California Water Plan”                                  \\t        \\t00:19:48      \\t05:45\\n“Kumurajiva’s Mother”      \\t                                            \\t00:28:22      \\t02:36\\n“The Hump-Backed Flute Player”                                     \\t00:32:59      \\t06:34\\n“Down”                                                                               \\t00:40:05      \\t02:42\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Sound Recording\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"https://montreal.spokenweb.ca/sgw-poetry-readings/gary-snyder-at-sgwu-1971/#4\"}]"],"score":1.1172006},{"id":"4120","cataloger_name":["Megan,Butchart"],"partnerInstitution":["University of British Columbia, Okanagan"],"collection_source_collection":["Fred Wah fonds"],"source_collection_label":["Fred Wah fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SpokenWeb at UBCO"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_id":["2022.003"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Mountain Pass: Fred Wah"],"item_title_source":["Title written on box."],"item_title_note":["Title on case: n/a\n\nSide A title: n/a\n\nSide B title: n/a\n\nBack of case: Mountain Pass: Fred Wah. broadcasted: Dec. 22/76 at 6:30 in the evening.\n7 1/2 ips recorded in stereo, both sides\n\nAccompanying information: n/a"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Broadcast"],"item_series_title":["7 inch reels"],"item_subseries_title":["Radio Recordings of Fred Wah"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Wah, Fred"],"creator_names_search":["Wah, Fred"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/1330211\",\"name\":\"Wah, Fred\",\"dates\":\"1939-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]}]"],"contributors":["[]"],"Publication_Date":[1976],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/11211/2022.003.065a-Resize.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"Shamrock recording 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Tracks 1/4 and 3/2 are the same on this side.\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Sound Recording\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"/Users/labmanager/Library/Application Support/UBCO/UBCO Drive Mount/mnt/ead-research/AmpLab/SpokenWeb/Collection/Fred_Wah/2022.003.065/audio\",\"filename\":\"2022.003.065_Mountain Pass: Fred Wah_Side 2_(MA).wav\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"96 000\",\"duration\":\"T00:33:48\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"1.17 GB\",\"bitrate\":\"\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"Radio broadcast - check copyright. Tracks 1/4 and 3/2 are the same on this side.\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"Sound Recording\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1976-12-22\",\"type\":\"Publication Date\",\"notes\":\"6:30 pm.\",\"source\":\"Date listed on box.\"}]"],"Location":["[]"],"City":["Other"],"contents":["Recording of Fred Wah on Mountain Pass radio program, December 22, 1976."],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"\",\"type\":\"\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670550024486914,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:54.597Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"4554","cataloger_name":["Megan,Butchart"],"partnerInstitution":["University of British Columbia, Okanagan"],"collection_source_collection":["Warren Tallman fonds"],"source_collection_label":["Warren Tallman fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SpokenWeb at UBCO"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_id":["2012.002"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["UBC - ARTSI POETRY FESTIVAL MARCH 21, 1970 JOHN HULCOOP"],"item_title_source":["Title taken from back of box"],"item_title_note":["Other information on back of box: 3 3/4 ips1/4 track stereotape II of 2"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Hulcoop, John","Tallman, Warren"],"creator_names_search":["Hulcoop, John","Tallman, Warren"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/105106789\",\"name\":\"Hulcoop, John\",\"dates\":\"1930-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/11397708\",\"name\":\"Tallman, Warren\",\"dates\":\"1921-1994\",\"notes\":\"Probable recordist.\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Recordist\"]}]"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[]}]"],"Production_Date":[1970],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/411/UBCO_Tallman_2012_002_003_a.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"Requires conservation. Tape is moldy.\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"1 7/8 ips\",\"sound_quality\":\"\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Mold growth\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"2012.002.003_John Hulcoop_Side1_1-4(MA)\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"96,000\",\"duration\":\"T00:20:48\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"246.8 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"24\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1970-03-21\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"Date listed on box.\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/11678160\",\"venue\":\"The University of British Columbia\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z5\",\"latitude\":\"49.2581\",\"longitude\":\"-123.2448\"}]"],"Address":["Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z5"],"Venue":["The University of British Columbia"],"City":["Vancouver, British Columbia"],"contents":["This tape contains a recording of John Hulcoop reading poetry at the UBC Artsi Poetry Festival, March 21, 1970. The tape was likely recorded by Warren Tallman."],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Item ID: 2012.002.003\",\"type\":\"General\"},{\"note\":\"Digitized. Play speed on box (3 3/4) is incorrect. Actual speed is 1 7/8.\",\"type\":\"General\"},{\"note\":\"Transcription complete.\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"citation\":\"\"}]"],"_version_":1853670550984982531,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:55.538Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"4555","cataloger_name":["Megan,Butchart"],"partnerInstitution":["University of British Columbia, Okanagan"],"collection_source_collection":["Warren Tallman fonds"],"source_collection_label":["Warren Tallman fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SpokenWeb at UBCO"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_id":["2012.002"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["DUNCAN, ROBERT - CBC \"A PORTRAIT OF A POET\" MAY / 1966"],"item_title_source":["Title written on box."],"item_title_note":["Title on artifact: \nPgm. CBC SAT EVENING\nROBERT DUNCAN - PORTRAIT OF A POET \nDUB Date: May 20-66\nSpeed: 3 3/4\nTime: 60.00.   \n\nAccompanying letter reads: \nCANADIAN BROADCASTING CORPORATION\n701 Hornby Street,\nVancouver 1, B.C.\nMay 30, 1966\n\nMr. Warren Tallman,\n[home address]\nVancouver, B.C.\n\nDear Mr. Tallman:\nFurther to our telephone conversation this morning, I enclose a copy of the program \"A Portrait of Robert Duncan\", which was dubbed at 3 3/4 inches per second. My apologies for the delay in sending this to you.\nYours truly,\nD.F. Errington,\nRadio Producer\nDE/jeEnclosure"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Broadcast"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Duncan, Robert","Tallman, Warren"],"creator_names_search":["Duncan, Robert","Tallman, Warren"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/105142281\",\"name\":\"Duncan, Robert\",\"dates\":\"1919-1988\",\"notes\":\"Interviewee.\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/11397708\",\"name\":\"Tallman, Warren\",\"dates\":\"1921-1994\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Interviewer\"]}]"],"contributors_names":["Tallman, Warren","Errington, D.F."],"contributors_names_search":["Tallman, Warren","Errington, D.F."],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/11397708\",\"name\":\"Tallman, Warren\",\"dates\":\"1921-1994\",\"notes\":\"Requested copy of radio program.\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Collector\"]},{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Errington, D.F.\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"Radio producer at Vancouver office of CBC.\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Producer\"]}]"],"Producer_name":["Errington, D.F."],"Publication_Date":[1966],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/570/UBCO_Tallman_2012_002_004_a.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"3 3/4 ips\",\"sound_quality\":\"Good\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Good\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"Letter to Warren Tallman from D.F. Errington, Radio Producer, CBC per the enclosure of a copy of the program \",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"2012.002.004 - Duncan, Robert - CBC A Portrait of a Poet May 66_01_(MASTER_ACCESS).wav\",\"channel_field\":\"\",\"sample_rate\":\"96,000\",\"duration\":\"T00:56:07\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"1.8 GB\",\"bitrate\":\"24\",\"encoding\":\"\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1966-05-30\",\"type\":\"\",\"notes\":\"Copy of tape was made on 1966-05-30 by radio producer at CBC.\",\"source\":\"\"},{\"date\":\"1966-05-20\",\"type\":\"Publication Date\",\"notes\":\"Date program aired.\",\"source\":\"Date listed on artifact.\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/476504051\",\"venue\":\"Canadian Broadcasting Corporation\",\"notes\":\"Site of CBC office where copy of recording was made.\",\"address\":\"701 Hornby Street, Vancouver 1, B.C., Canada\",\"latitude\":\"49.2834385\",\"longitude\":\"-123.1205857\"}]"],"Address":["701 Hornby Street, Vancouver 1, B.C., Canada"],"Venue":["Canadian Broadcasting Corporation"],"City":["Vancouver, British Columbia"],"contents":["Warren Tallman interviews Robert Duncan on CBC's \"Saturday Evening\" Program which aired in May 1966.\n\nPoems read:\n\"Doves\"\nExcerpts from \"An African Elegy\"\n\"King Haydn of Miami Beach\"\n\"The Multiversity\"\n\"The Helmet of Goliath\"\n\"The Ballad of the Forfar Witches Sing\"\n"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Item ID: 2012.002.004\",\"type\":\"General\"},{\"note\":\"Digitization complete. To be timestamped and transcribed.\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"citation\":\"Duncan, Robert. \\\"Doves.\\\"\"},{\"url\":\"https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/46681/an-african-elegy\",\"citation\":\"Duncan, Robert. \\\"An African Elegy.\\\" Poetry Foundation.\\n\"},{\"url\":\"\",\"citation\":\"Duncan, Robert. \\\"King Haydn of Miami Beach.\\\"\"},{\"url\":\"\",\"citation\":\"Duncan, Robert. \\\"The Multiversity.\\\"\"},{\"url\":\"\",\"citation\":\"Duncan, Robert. \\\"The Helmet of Goliath.\\\"\"},{\"url\":\"\",\"citation\":\"Duncan, Robert. \\\"The Ballad of the Forfar Witches Sing.\\\"\"}]"],"_version_":1853670550984982532,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:55.538Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"6893","cataloger_name":["Sarah,Cipes"],"partnerInstitution":["University of British Columbia, Okanagan"],"collection_source_collection":["Frank Davey fonds"],"source_collection_label":["Frank Davey fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SpokenWeb at UBCO"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_id":["2014.002"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Vancouver Poetry 'Conference' 1963"],"item_title_source":["Title written on case."],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creators":["[]"],"contributors_names":["Creeley, Robert","Ginsberg, Allen","Duncan, Robert","Whalen, Philip","Olson, Charles","Levertov, Denise"],"contributors_names_search":["Creeley, Robert","Ginsberg, Allen","Duncan, Robert","Whalen, Philip","Olson, Charles","Levertov, Denise"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/109562114/#Creeley,_Robert,_1926-2005\",\"name\":\"Creeley, Robert\",\"dates\":\"1926-2005\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\",\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/108417923/\",\"name\":\"Ginsberg, Allen\",\"dates\":\"1926-1997\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\",\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/105142281/\",\"name\":\"Duncan, Robert\",\"dates\":\"1919-1988\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/54270610\",\"name\":\"Whalen, Philip\",\"dates\":\"1923-2002\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/27091190/\",\"name\":\"Olson, Charles\",\"dates\":\"1910-1970\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/9868894/\",\"name\":\"Levertov, Denise\",\"dates\":\"1923-1997\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]}]"],"Reader_name":["Creeley, Robert","Ginsberg, Allen"],"Speaker_name":["Creeley, Robert","Ginsberg, Allen","Duncan, Robert","Whalen, Philip","Olson, Charles","Levertov, Denise"],"Performance_Date":[1963],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"Trubilt Magnetic Recording Tape Type T24TM\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Good\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1963-07-26\",\"type\":\"Performance Date\",\"notes\":\"Also recording date, listed on ephemera. Several dates recorded on this reel.\",\"source\":\"Ephemera included in reel case.\"},{\"date\":\"1963-07-23\",\"type\":\"Performance Date\",\"notes\":\"Also recording date, listed on ephemera. Several dates recorded on this reel.\",\"source\":\"Ephemera included in reel case.\"},{\"date\":\"1963-08-12\",\"type\":\"Performance Date\",\"notes\":\"Also recording date, listed on ephemera. Several dates recorded on this reel.\",\"source\":\"Ephemera included in reel case.\"},{\"date\":\"1963-08-14\",\"type\":\"Performance Date\",\"notes\":\"Also recording date, listed on ephemera. Several dates recorded on this reel.\",\"source\":\"Ephemera included in reel case.\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/91208094\",\"venue\":\"Buchanan Building, University of British Columbia\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"1866 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C.\",\"latitude\":\"49.26827765\",\"longitude\":\"-123.2542416\"}]"],"Address":["1866 Main Mall, Vancouver, B.C."],"Venue":["Buchanan Building, University of British Columbia"],"City":["Vancouver, British Columbia"],"content_notes":["Recording includes four pages of ephemera (two cue cards and two full-sized pages).                               See photographs of ephemera. Much of the writing is illegible. Find images here: /research/AmpLab/SpokenWeb/Collection/Frank_Davey/2014.002.025/photos"],"contents":["Recordings of four days/various events at the 1963 Vancouver Poetry Conference. Performers and speakers include Robert Duncan, Robert Creeley, Philip Whalen, Allen Ginsberg, Denise Levertov and Charles Olson. Other performers and speakers are noted on the ephemera, but unfortunately much of the included descriptive ephemera is illegible. More information will be found upon listening."],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"2018.002.043 ; 2018.002.045 ; 2018.002.049 ; 2022.002.126 ; 2022.003.005 ; 2022.003.006 ; 2022.003.007 ; 2022.003.008 ; 2022.003.009 ; 2022.003.010 ; 2022.003.011 ; 2022.003.012 ; 2022.003.013\",\"type\":\"Related Version\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670550989176835,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:55.538Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"5522","cataloger_name":["Isabella,Wang"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["Reading in BC Collection"],"source_collection_label":["Reading in BC Collection"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["Reading in BC collection was assembled during the late 1970s and ‘80s. There are approximately 1000 tapes in this collection. It consists of the recordings of Canadian and American writers, mostly poets, reading poems, talking, being interviewed, participating in panel discussions, and so on. Most of the recordings were made in BC, but there are some made elsewhere in Canada or the USA. Quite a few of these recordings are unique copies, not to be found elsewhere."],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 199"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Poetry Reading at SFU: Paul Kelley and Ted Byrne on March 7, 1985 part 2 of 2  #376b"],"item_title_source":["cassette and j-card"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Kelley, Paul","Byrne, Ted","Blaser, Robin"],"creator_names_search":["Kelley, Paul","Byrne, Ted","Blaser, Robin"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/105702628\",\"name\":\"Kelley, Paul\",\"dates\":\"1951-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/45924960\",\"name\":\"Byrne, Ted\",\"dates\":\"1947-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/17240199\",\"name\":\"Blaser, Robin\",\"dates\":\"1925-2009\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]}]"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[]}]"],"Production_Date":[1985],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"4 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/3584/Reading in BC_MsC199_376b.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"Second generation from Reel-to-Reel\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent \",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Cassette\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel","Cassette"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue","Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio","Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo","Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"376b-side-1.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:31:03\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"31.7 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"376b-side-2.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:30:17\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"31.0 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1985-03-07\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"J-card\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/102254132\",\"venue\":\"SFU\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada\",\"latitude\":\"49.2767\",\"longitude\":\"-122.9178 \"}]"],"Address":["8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada"],"Venue":["SFU"],"City":["Burnaby, British Columbia"],"content_notes":["SFU BC Readings formatting"],"contents":["Side\tTrack\tNo.\tComments\nTwo\t\t000\tPaul Kelley reads “Le Beau Soir” (poem)\n\t\t051\t“Previous experience”\n\t\t069\t“Signature at the bottom of the page”\n\t\t087\tReads from book Subject Matter\n\t\t118\t“Remembering pretending”\n\t\t126\t“Cleaving”\n\t\t211\t3 recent poems – reads “Off white” – from series Breaking Glass\n\t\t248\t“Graffitito”\n\t\t271\t“On the loose” (a blank spot of about 2 lines in the middle of this poem)\n\t\t303\tTed Byrne reads poem “Ed Manoire”\n\t\t349\t“The scar on my hand”\n\t\t375\tTranslation of first two stanzas of a poem by Bernart de Ventadorn, called “Can vei la lauzeta mover”\n\t\t400\tA prose piece called “The four courts of heaven”\n\t\t765\tFinishes reading.  Robin Blaser comments on the reading"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"\",\"type\":\"\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670553288704002,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:57.732Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"5528","cataloger_name":["Isabella,Wang"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["Reading in BC Collection"],"source_collection_label":["Reading in BC Collection"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["Reading in BC collection was assembled during the late 1970s and ‘80s. There are approximately 1000 tapes in this collection. It consists of the recordings of Canadian and American writers, mostly poets, reading poems, talking, being interviewed, participating in panel discussions, and so on. Most of the recordings were made in BC, but there are some made elsewhere in Canada or the USA. Quite a few of these recordings are unique copies, not to be found elsewhere."],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 199"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Poetry Reading: Peter Culley, Gerald Creede and Kevin Davies reading at SFU on March 14, 1985 #377"],"item_title_source":["cassette and j-card"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Culley, Peter","Creede, Gerald","Davies, Kevin"],"creator_names_search":["Culley, Peter","Creede, Gerald","Davies, Kevin"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/166436053\",\"name\":\"Culley, Peter\",\"dates\":\"1958-2015\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/11296961\",\"name\":\"Creede, Gerald\",\"dates\":\"1951-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Davies, Kevin\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]}]"],"contributors_names":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"contributors_names_search":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Vanel, Kurtis\",\"dates\":\"1936-2017\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Recordist\"]}]"],"Recordist_name":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"Production_Date":[1985],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"4 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/3632/Readings in BC_MsC199_377.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"SFU\",\"generations\":\"Second generation from Reel-to-Reel\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent \",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Cassette\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel","Cassette"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue","Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio","Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo","Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"377-side-1.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:30:11\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"30.6 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"377-side-2.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:30:11\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"30.9 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1985-3-14\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"J-card\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/102254132\",\"venue\":\"SFU\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada\",\"latitude\":\"49.2767\",\"longitude\":\"-122.9178 \"}]"],"Address":["8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada"],"Venue":["SFU"],"City":["Burnaby, British Columbia"],"content_notes":["SFU BC Readings formatting"],"contents":["Side\tTrack\tNo.\tComments\n\t\t000\tPeter Culley reads “Twilight of the idols”\n\t\t109\tReads “A distinguished Provincial at Paris”\n\t\t199\tGerald Creede reads short story “Spending time with the Boy”\n\t\t305\tReads prose piece “The Petrified Forest”\n\t\t340\tReads two sonnets\n\t\t373\tKevin Davies reads poem “At Hand”\n\t\t428\tPoem “Leukemic Pallor”\n\t\t482\tPoem “The Daily News”\n\t\t622\tTape ends"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Liner Notes: Poetry Reading at SFU, March 14, 1985 Side 1 Peter Culley 17:45 Side 2 Gerald Creede 13:37 Kevin Davies 14:30 Recorded by Kurtis Vanel Dolby B\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670553289752581,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:57.732Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"5529","cataloger_name":["Isabella,Wang"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["Reading in BC Collection"],"source_collection_label":["Reading in BC Collection"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["Reading in BC collection was assembled during the late 1970s and ‘80s. There are approximately 1000 tapes in this collection. It consists of the recordings of Canadian and American writers, mostly poets, reading poems, talking, being interviewed, participating in panel discussions, and so on. Most of the recordings were made in BC, but there are some made elsewhere in Canada or the USA. Quite a few of these recordings are unique copies, not to be found elsewhere."],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 199"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Dwight Gardiner Reading from the New York Book of the Dead at SFU on March 21, 1985 #378"],"item_title_source":["cassette and j-card"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Dwight, Gardiner"],"creator_names_search":["Dwight, Gardiner"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/67941247\",\"name\":\"Dwight, Gardiner\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]}]"],"contributors_names":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"contributors_names_search":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Vanel, Kurtis\",\"dates\":\"1936-2017\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Recordist\"]}]"],"Recordist_name":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"Production_Date":[1985],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"4 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/3633/Reading in BC_MsC199_378.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"SFU\",\"generations\":\"Second generation from Reel-to-Reel\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent \",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Cassette\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"White clear jewel case with J card, yellow poster insert\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel","Cassette"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue","Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio","Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo","Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"378-side-1.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:30:12\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"30.9 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"378-side-2.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:30:14\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"29.9 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"29.9 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1985-3-21\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"J-card\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/102254132\",\"venue\":\"SFU\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada\",\"latitude\":\"49.2767\",\"longitude\":\"-122.9178 \"}]"],"Address":["8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada"],"Venue":["SFU"],"City":["Burnaby, British Columbia"],"content_notes":["SFU BC Readings formatting"],"contents":["Side\tTrack\tNo.\tComments\n\t\t000\tDwight introduces his poetry and the book it is published in The New York Book of the Dead\n\t\t015\tFirst section “Right words”\n\t\t035\t“New wave narrative”\n\t\t058\t“The random sounds from the mouths of losers”\n\t\t067\t“After the wayward”\n\t\t082\t“The other night in the Stratford Hotel…”\n\t\t086\t“Poem for Danny Little Red Lopez”\n\t\t089\t“Head talk”\n\t\t095\t“The sound of whales”\n\t\t105\t“Second section “Double header”\n\t\t174\t“Heads or tails at the Niagara”\n\t\t241\t“It was the Polish vodka, that’s how they got me”\n\t\t274\t“Streets of peace”\n\t\t282\t“Don’t push the poem”\n\t\t293\t“For Bev”\n\t\t308\t“For L.K.J.”\n\t\t324\t“Spring has broken the trance”\n\t\t353\tReads recent poem called “Alberta”\n\t\t394\tFinishes reading – answers audience questions\n\t\t563\tTape ends"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Dwight Gardiner Reading from the New York Book of the Dead, SFU, March 21, 1985 Side 1 26:27 Side 2 21:00 Recorded by Kurtis Vanel Dolby B\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670553289752582,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:57.732Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"5530","cataloger_name":["Isabella,Wang"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["Reading in BC Collection"],"source_collection_label":["Reading in BC Collection"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["Reading in BC collection was assembled during the late 1970s and ‘80s. There are approximately 1000 tapes in this collection. It consists of the recordings of Canadian and American writers, mostly poets, reading poems, talking, being interviewed, participating in panel discussions, and so on. Most of the recordings were made in BC, but there are some made elsewhere in Canada or the USA. Quite a few of these recordings are unique copies, not to be found elsewhere."],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 199"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Daphne Marlatt Reading at SFU on March 27, 1985 #379"],"item_title_source":["cassette and j-card"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Marlatt, Daphne"],"creator_names_search":["Marlatt, Daphne"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/92127388\",\"name\":\"Marlatt, Daphne\",\"dates\":\"1942-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]}]"],"contributors_names":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"contributors_names_search":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Vanel, Kurtis\",\"dates\":\"1936-2017\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Recordist\"]}]"],"Recordist_name":["Vanel, Kurtis"],"Production_Date":[1985],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"4 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/3634/Readings in BC_MsC199_379.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"SFU\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent \",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Cassette\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel","Cassette"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue","Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio","Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo","Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"379-side-1.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:30:20\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"30.2 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"379-side-2.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:30:22\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"30.0 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1985-3-27\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"J-card\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/102254132\",\"venue\":\"SFU\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada\",\"latitude\":\"49.2767\",\"longitude\":\"-122.9178 \"}]"],"Address":["8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC, Canada"],"Venue":["SFU"],"City":["Burnaby, British Columbia"],"content_notes":["SFU BC Readings formatting"],"contents":["Side\tTrack\tNo.\tComments\n1\t19:30\t\tReading from How Hug a Stone\n2\t26:10\t\tA Novel in Process"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Liner Notes: Daphne Marlatt Reading from \\\"How Hug a Stone\\\" Side 1 19:30 A Novel in Progress Side 2 26:10 Recorded at SFU by Kurtis Vanel, March 27, 1985\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670553290801152,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:57.732Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"6306","cataloger_name":["Mozhgan,Nourafkan"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["Reading in BC Collection"],"source_collection_label":["Reading in BC Collection"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["Reading in BC collection was assembled during the late 1970s and ‘80s. There are approximately 1000 tapes in this collection. It consists of the recordings of Canadian and American writers, mostly poets, reading poems, talking, being interviewed, participating in panel discussions, and so on. Most of the recordings were made in BC, but there are some made elsewhere in Canada or the USA. Quite a few of these recordings are unique copies, not to be found elsewhere."],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 199"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Poetry Reading at SFU: Tom McGauley and Paul Kelley on March 7, 1985 part 1 of 2  #376a"],"item_title_source":["cassette and j-card"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Kelley, Paul","McGauley, Tom"],"creator_names_search":["Kelley, Paul","McGauley, Tom"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/105702628\",\"name\":\"Kelley, Paul\",\"dates\":\"1951-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/104061105\",\"name\":\"McGauley, Tom\",\"dates\":\"1948-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]}]"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[]}]"],"Production_Date":[1985],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"4 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/8514/Readings in BC_MsC199_376a.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"Second generation from Reel-to-Reel\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent \",\"track_configuration\":\"2 track\",\"material_designation\":\"Cassette\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"White clear jewel case with J card\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel","Cassette"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue","Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio","Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo","Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"376a-side-1.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:23:27\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"25.4 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"376a-side-2.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:26:12\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"28.7 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1985-03-07\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"J-card\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/102254132\",\"venue\":\"SFU\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada\",\"latitude\":\"49.2767\",\"longitude\":\"-122.9178 \"}]"],"Address":["8888 University Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada"],"Venue":["SFU"],"City":["Burnaby, British Columbia"],"content_notes":["SFU BC Readings formatting"],"contents":["One\t\t000\tIntroduction\n\t\t012\tTom McGauley – reads a short story and a poem\n\t\t025\tReads the story first.  Untitled, dealing with a young boy and a murder\n\t\t330\tStory ends.  Tom introduces his second piece, gives the background – a Russian [Dhukobour] funeral\n\t\t408\tReads the Funeral poem\n\t\t563\tFinishes\n\t\t579\tPaul Kelley reads “Father time”\n\t\t633\t“A certain Jonathan”\n\t\t681\t“Jeu d’Enfants”\n\t\t729\tTape ends"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"\",\"type\":\"\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670555074428930,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:59.437Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"6373","cataloger_name":["Teddie,Brock"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["SFU Archives Readings"],"source_collection_label":["SFU Archives Readings"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Archives and Records Management"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["A collection of poetry readings and panels that took place at SFU during the 1970s and are located in the SFU Archives. This group includes writers such as Margaret Atwood, Dorothy Livesay, Anne Marriott, Joy Kagawa, P. K. Page, and Irving Layton."],"collection_source_collection_id":["https://atom.archives.sfu.ca/f-231-1-2"],"persistent_url":["https://atom.archives.sfu.ca/f-231-1-2"],"item_title":["Heritage Writers' Festival: \"Poetry of the 30s and 40s\" - Dorothy Livesay, Anne Marriott, and Irving Layton Panel Discussion at SFU on June 27, 1978"],"item_title_source":["documentation, archive entry"],"item_title_note":["Information taken from SFU Archives: see https://atom.archives.sfu.ca/f-231-1-2-0-0-26"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Livesay, Dorothy","Layton, Irving","Marriott, Anne","[Djwa, Sandra?]"],"creator_names_search":["Livesay, Dorothy","Layton, Irving","Marriott, Anne","[Djwa, Sandra?]"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/116854541\",\"name\":\"Livesay, Dorothy\",\"dates\":\"1909–1996\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/66482092\",\"name\":\"Layton, Irving\",\"dates\":\"1912–2006\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/35794759\",\"name\":\"Marriott, Anne\",\"dates\":\"1913–1997\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/32010922\",\"name\":\"[Djwa, Sandra?]\",\"dates\":\"1939–\",\"notes\":\"Marriott refers to Dr. Djwa by first name only (\\\"Sandra\\\"). It is likely that Djwa would have facilitated this event around this time period (taught at SFU from 1968 to 2005)\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Presenter\"]}]"],"contributors":["[]"],"Production_Date":[1978],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"A\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/7896/OBJ-287.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"33 1/3 rpm\",\"sound_quality\":\"Good\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"OBJ-287_SideA.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T01:03:28\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"46.5 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"OBJ-287_SideB.mp3\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:40:03\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"28.3 MB\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1978-06-27\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"See: https://atom.archives.sfu.ca/f-231-1-2-0-0-26\",\"source\":\"documentation, archive entry\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/102254132#map=19/49.28026/-122.91689\",\"venue\":\"9200 AQ, Simon Fraser University\",\"notes\":\"9200 AQ\",\"address\":\"888 University Dr, Burnaby, V5A 1S6\",\"latitude\":\"49.276709600000004\",\"longitude\":\"-122.91780296438841\"}]"],"Address":["888 University Dr, Burnaby, V5A 1S6"],"Venue":["9200 AQ, Simon Fraser University"],"content_notes":["Sound quality: uneven levels (voices too loud, some too soft), microphone shuffling"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"SFU Archives documentation has P. K. Page and F. R. Scott listed as speakers, but they are not in attendance at the event and instead replaced by Anne Marriott and Irving Layton. \",\"type\":\"General\"},{\"note\":\"Information taken from SFU Archives: see https://atom.archives.sfu.ca/f-231-1-2-0-0-26\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670555266318338,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T14:59:59.632Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"6617","cataloger_name":["Isabella,Wang"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["Gerry Gilbert Fonds"],"source_collection_label":["Gerry Gilbert Fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["The Gerry Gilbert Fonds collects materials from Vancouver poet Gerry Gilbert. Gilbert was a multimedia artist and writer who published 19 books between 1960 and 2006. This collection contains poetry recordings of Gilbertu2019s, including a large number of tapes from u201cradiofreerainforest,u201d the radio show he hosted. radiofreerainforest [sic] aired on Vancouver co-op radio CFRO-FM Radio beginning in the spring of 1985 and ran well into the 1990s. The show consisted of interviews, readings, and discussions with local, national and international literary figures such as Maxine Gadd, Judith Copithorne, Steve McCaffery, bpNichol, and WIlliam Burroughs."],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 14"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["radiofreerainforest 29 June, 1986"],"item_title_source":["item and box"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Studio recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["No Copyright non commercial reuse only (NoCNC)"],"creator_names":["Sbrocchi, Fran","Gilbert, Gerry","Farmilo, Tina","Paquette, Keith","George, Jeff","Filliou, Robert","Rosenford, Rhoda","Walker, Vicki","Little, Billy","Beyers, Joanna"],"creator_names_search":["Sbrocchi, Fran","Gilbert, Gerry","Farmilo, Tina","Paquette, Keith","George, Jeff","Filliou, Robert","Rosenford, Rhoda","Walker, Vicki","Little, Billy","Beyers, Joanna"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/105566655/#Sbrocchi,_Fran\",\"name\":\"Sbrocchi, Fran\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/13554305/#Gilbert,_Gerry\",\"name\":\"Gilbert, Gerry\",\"dates\":\"1936-2009\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\",\"Series organizer\"]},{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Farmilo, Tina\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Paquette, Keith\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/105817918/#George,_Jeff\",\"name\":\"George, Jeff\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/64005599/#Filliou,_Robert\",\"name\":\"Filliou, Robert\",\"dates\":\"1926-1987\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Author\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/104850618\",\"name\":\"Rosenford, Rhoda\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/65583471/\",\"name\":\"Walker, Vicki\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/223141797\",\"name\":\"Little, Billy\",\"dates\":\"1943-2009\",\"notes\":\"Zonko\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/60706728\",\"name\":\"Beyers, Joanna\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]}]"],"contributors_names":["Gilbert, Gerry"],"contributors_names_search":["Gilbert, Gerry"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/13554305/#Gilbert,_Gerry\",\"name\":\"Gilbert, Gerry\",\"dates\":\"1936-2009\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Donor\",\"Producer\"]}]"],"Producer_name":["Gilbert, Gerry"],"Production_Date":[1986],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Mono\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/2323/radiofreerainforest_240.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"Sony\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"T01:30:00\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent \",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic 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Gilbert was a multimedia artist and writer who published 19 books between 1960 and 2006. This collection contains poetry recordings of Gilbertu2019s, including a large number of tapes from u201cradiofreerainforest,u201d the radio show he hosted. radiofreerainforest [sic] aired on Vancouver co-op radio CFRO-FM Radio beginning in the spring of 1985 and ran well into the 1990s. The show consisted of interviews, readings, and discussions with local, national and international literary figures such as Maxine Gadd, Judith Copithorne, Steve McCaffery, bpNichol, and WIlliam Burroughs."],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 14"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["radiofreerainforest, Deanna Ferguson and Dennis Dennison "],"item_title_source":["item and box"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Studio recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["No Copyright non commercial reuse only (NoCNC)"],"creator_names":["Dennison, Dennis","Bremner, Lary","Ferguson, Deanna"],"creator_names_search":["Dennison, Dennis","Bremner, Lary","Ferguson, Deanna"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"\",\"name\":\"Dennison, Dennis\",\"dates\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/68009652\",\"name\":\"Bremner, Lary\",\"dates\":\"1950-\",\"notes\":\"Also known as Timewell, Lary\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Recordist\"]},{\"url\":\"https://viaf.org/viaf/9448936\",\"name\":\"Ferguson, Deanna\",\"dates\":\"1962-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Reader\"]}]"],"contributors_names":["Gilbert, Gerry"],"contributors_names_search":["Gilbert, Gerry"],"contributors":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/13554305/#Gilbert,_Gerry\",\"name\":\"Gilbert, Gerry\",\"dates\":\"1936-2009\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Donor\",\"Producer\"]}]"],"Producer_name":["Gilbert, Gerry"],"Production_Date":[1989],"Performance_Date":[1989],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Mono\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"},{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/2380/radiofreerainforest_248.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/8 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"Scotch\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"T01:30:00\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent \",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"J-card\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape","Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue","Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio","Audio"],"playback_mode":["Mono","Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"\",\"channel_field\":\"2 (stereo)\",\"sample_rate\":\"44100 Hz\",\"duration\":\"\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"},{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"\",\"channel_field\":\"2 (stereo)\",\"sample_rate\":\"44100 Hz\",\"duration\":\"\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1989-06-24\",\"type\":\"Performance Date\",\"notes\":\"Deanna Ferguson reading at the Kootenay School of Writing\",\"source\":\"j-card\"},{\"date\":\"1989-06-25\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"Dennis Dennison on RFRF\",\"source\":\"j-card\"},{\"date\":\"1989-06-29\",\"type\":\"Production Date\",\"notes\":\"Dennis Dennison on RFRF\",\"source\":\"j-card\"}]"],"Location":["[{\"url\":\"https://www.openstreetmap.org/search?whereami=1&query=49.28185%2C-\",\"venue\":\"Kootenay School of Writing\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\"112 West Hastings, Vancouver, BC, Canada\",\"latitude\":\" 49.28185\",\"longitude\":\"-123.10780\"},{\"url\":\"https://nominatim.openstreetmap.org/details.php?place_id=157538565\",\"venue\":\"Vancouver Co-op Radio CFRO 100.5 FM\",\"notes\":\"\",\"address\":\" 370 Columbia St, Vancouver, BC V6A 4J1\",\"latitude\":\" 49.2818703\",\"longitude\":\" -123.1022474\"}]"],"Address":["112 West Hastings, Vancouver, BC, Canada"," 370 Columbia St, Vancouver, BC V6A 4J1"],"Venue":["Kootenay School of Writing","Vancouver Co-op Radio CFRO 100.5 FM"],"City":["Vancouver, British Columbia","Vancouver, British Columbia"],"content_notes":["Digital file is empty. See cassette for audio content."],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Liner Notes: See photo attachment\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670556047507456,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T15:00:00.367Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"7047","cataloger_name":["Donald,Shipton"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["bpNichol Fonds"],"source_collection_label":["bpNichol Fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["The fonds consists of correspondence, poems (including concrete, experimental and sound poem drafts), manuscripts (including drafts), notebooks, and journals of bp Nichol. Fonds includes records (1964-1987) of Nichol's presses, Ganglia and grOnk, consisting of manuscript files, correspondence files, mockups, business and reference files, computer discs, the authors poetry and comic book collections, photographs, television scripts, etc. Correspondents and contributors include Bill Bissett, Gerry Gilbert, Margaret Avison, Earle Birney, David Harris, David Phillips, David McFadden and others"],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 12"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["Raoul Duguay and bpNichol sound poetry performance on July 24, 1973 #16"],"item_title_source":["reel case"],"item_language":["English, French"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Nichol, B.P.","Duguay, Raoul"],"creator_names_search":["Nichol, B.P.","Duguay, Raoul"],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/76350280\",\"name\":\"Nichol, B.P.\",\"dates\":\"1944-1988\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Author\",\"Performer\",\"Reader\",\"Donor\"]},{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/64910684\",\"name\":\"Duguay, Raoul\",\"dates\":\"1939-\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Performer\",\"Speaker\",\"Reader\"]}]"],"contributors":["[]"],"Performance_Date":[1976],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/12147/bpNichol Fonds_MsC12_Reel 16.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Good\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Good\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"MsC12.Nichol.Tape16.SideA\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T01:05:00\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[{\"date\":\"1976-07-24\",\"type\":\"Performance Date\",\"notes\":\"\",\"source\":\"reel case\"}]"],"Location":["[]"],"City":["Other"],"Note":["[]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670556460646401,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T15:00:00.772Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"7048","cataloger_name":["Donald,Shipton"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["bpNichol Fonds"],"source_collection_label":["bpNichol Fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["The fonds consists of correspondence, poems (including concrete, experimental and sound poem drafts), manuscripts (including drafts), notebooks, and journals of bp Nichol. Fonds includes records (1964-1987) of Nichol's presses, Ganglia and grOnk, consisting of manuscript files, correspondence files, mockups, business and reference files, computer discs, the authors poetry and comic book collections, photographs, television scripts, etc. Correspondents and contributors include Bill Bissett, Gerry Gilbert, Margaret Avison, Earle Birney, David Harris, David Phillips, David McFadden and others"],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 12"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["bpNichol poetry workshop reading, days 1-3 #17"],"item_title_source":["reel case"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Nichol, B.P."],"creator_names_search":["Nichol, B.P."],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/76350280\",\"name\":\"Nichol, B.P.\",\"dates\":\"1944-1988\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Speaker\",\"Presenter\"]}]"],"contributors":["[]"],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/12148/bpNichol Fonds_MsC12_Reel 17.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Poor\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Good\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"MsC12.Nichol.Tape17\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:58:46\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[]"],"Location":["[]"],"City":["Other"],"Note":["[{\"note\":\"Original reel recorded at two different speeds. The latter half of the reel will need to be listened to at a slower speed.\",\"type\":\"General\"}]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670556460646402,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T15:00:00.772Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"7052","cataloger_name":["Donald,Shipton"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["bpNichol Fonds"],"source_collection_label":["bpNichol Fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["The fonds consists of correspondence, poems (including concrete, experimental and sound poem drafts), manuscripts (including drafts), notebooks, and journals of bp Nichol. Fonds includes records (1964-1987) of Nichol's presses, Ganglia and grOnk, consisting of manuscript files, correspondence files, mockups, business and reference files, computer discs, the authors poetry and comic book collections, photographs, television scripts, etc. Correspondents and contributors include Bill Bissett, Gerry Gilbert, Margaret Avison, Earle Birney, David Harris, David Phillips, David McFadden and others"],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 12"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["bpNichol reading The Martyrology Book 1 #22"],"item_title_source":["reel case"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Nichol, B.P."],"creator_names_search":["Nichol, B.P."],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/76350280\",\"name\":\"Nichol, B.P.\",\"dates\":\"1944-1988\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Author\",\"Performer\",\"Presenter\",\"Speaker\",\"Donor\"]}]"],"contributors":["[]"],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/12154/bpNichol Fonds_MsC12_Reel 22.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"MsC12.Nichol.Tape22\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:40:46\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"This is the first tape in a five tape series of bpNichol reading The Martyrology. He notes before he begins reading that this event was put together both as a way for him to reflect upon the development of his long poem as well as a fundraiser for the launch of one of his friend's books. In this first recording, Nichol reads from Book 1 of The Martyrology. He also gives a brief foreword on this long poem as an uttanikki and how it \\\"stands at the center of everything else [he] is doing.\\\"\\n\\n0:00 - Introduction\\n03:39 - Beginning of Book 1 of The Martyrology\\n39:37 - Interlude about Scraptures\\n\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[]"],"Location":["[]"],"City":["Other"],"Note":["[]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670556460646406,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T15:00:00.772Z","score":1.1172006},{"id":"7053","cataloger_name":["Donald,Shipton"],"partnerInstitution":["Simon Fraser University"],"collection_source_collection":["bpNichol Fonds"],"source_collection_label":["bpNichol Fonds"],"collection_contributing_unit":["SFU Library"],"source_collection_uri":[""],"collection_image_url":[""],"collection_source_collection_description":["The fonds consists of correspondence, poems (including concrete, experimental and sound poem drafts), manuscripts (including drafts), notebooks, and journals of bp Nichol. Fonds includes records (1964-1987) of Nichol's presses, Ganglia and grOnk, consisting of manuscript files, correspondence files, mockups, business and reference files, computer discs, the authors poetry and comic book collections, photographs, television scripts, etc. Correspondents and contributors include Bill Bissett, Gerry Gilbert, Margaret Avison, Earle Birney, David Harris, David Phillips, David McFadden and others"],"collection_source_collection_id":["MsC 12"],"persistent_url":[""],"item_title":["bpNichol reading The Martyrology Book 2 #23"],"item_title_source":["reel case"],"item_language":["English"],"item_production_context":["Documentary recording"],"item_identifiers":["[]"],"rights":["Copyright Not Evaluated (CNE)"],"creator_names":["Nichol, B.P."],"creator_names_search":["Nichol, B.P."],"creators":["[{\"url\":\"http://viaf.org/viaf/76350280\",\"name\":\"Nichol, B.P.\",\"dates\":\"1944-1988\",\"notes\":\"\",\"nation\":[],\"role\":[\"Author\",\"Performer\",\"Presenter\",\"Reader\",\"Speaker\",\"Donor\"]}]"],"contributors":["[]"],"material_description":["[{\"side\":\"\",\"image\":\"../Uploads/12155/bpNichol Fonds_MsC12_Reel 23.jpg\",\"other\":\"\",\"extent\":\"1/4 inch\",\"AV_types\":\"Audio\",\"tape_brand\":\"\",\"generations\":\"\",\"Conservation\":\"\",\"equalization\":\"\",\"playback_mode\":\"Stereo\",\"playing_speed\":\"\",\"sound_quality\":\"Excellent\",\"recording_type\":\"Analogue\",\"storage_capacity\":\"\",\"physical_condition\":\"Excellent\",\"track_configuration\":\"\",\"material_designation\":\"Reel to Reel\",\"physical_composition\":\"Magnetic Tape\",\"accompanying_material\":\"\",\"other_physical_description\":\"\"}]"],"material_designations":["Reel to Reel"],"physical_compositions":["Magnetic Tape"],"recording_type":["Analogue"],"AV_type":["Audio"],"playback_mode":["Stereo"],"digital_description":["[{\"file_url\":\"\",\"file_path\":\"\",\"filename\":\"MsC12.Nichol.Tape23\",\"channel_field\":\"Stereo\",\"sample_rate\":\"44.1 kHz\",\"duration\":\"T00:43:48\",\"precision\":\"\",\"size\":\"\",\"bitrate\":\"32 bit\",\"encoding\":\"WAV for master files and .MP3 for online files\",\"contents\":\"\",\"notes\":\"This is the second tape in a five tape collection of bpNichol reading the Martyrology. In this tape Nichol reads from Book 2 of the Martyrology, from the beginning up until the \\\"Clouds\\\" section. \\n\\n0:00 - Introduction \\n0:18 - Beginning of Book 2\\n26:21 - Short break and interlude\\n29:12 - \\\"Augeries\\\" section from Book 2\\n\\n\",\"title\":\"\",\"credit\":\"\",\"caption\":\"\",\"content_type\":\"\",\"featured\":\"\",\"public_access_url\":\"\"}]"],"Dates":["[]"],"Location":["[]"],"City":["Other"],"Note":["[]"],"Related_works":["[]"],"_version_":1853670556460646407,"timestamp":"2026-01-07T15:00:00.772Z","score":1.1172006}]